The language of apologizing in Lombok, Indonesia

Wouk, Fay

doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2005.09.011

Cited by 49 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In comparison with Persian speaking people who are expected to show humbleness in facing compliments, English native speakers may accept compliments without showing modesty. To give an example, an English native speaker may respond a compliment like 'Your performance was outstanding on the scene' with a simple word or phrase like 'thanks', that is without saying any other thing about the significance of the compliment as Wouk (2006) believes. However, within a similar situation, Iranian native Persian speakers may respond to the compliment with expressions like 'You're welcome' or 'That's very kind of you'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of apology strategies employed by Iranian EFL learners

Abedi¹

2016

IJRSE

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A number of studies on apology strategies have investigated apologies cross-culturally. Rarely have apology strategies been scrutinized in Iranian context of EFL learning; nor have the respondents' gender that trigger such apologies been taken into account. This study was aimed to compare Iranian male and female EFL learners in terms of apology strategies. The participants were 50 Iranian EFL learners: (25 male, 25 female) both graduate and undergraduate students studying at Islamic Azad University, Najafabad branch. Discourse completion tests (DCT) were used in this study. In addition, Cohen and Olshtain's (1981) model was used for the classification of the different types of apology strategies used by EFL learners. It was found that the apology strategies of the first class, namely illocutionary force indicating devices (IFIDs), were the most commonly used strategies by Iranian EFL learners.Indeed, 67.48% of the entire number of the strategies used by EFL learners belonged to this category. Around 15.14% of the strategies are offer for repair by Iranian EFL learners, while the remaining strategies were scarcely used by Iranian EFL learners. In terms of gender, the results of a chi-square test showed that there was no statistically significant difference between male and female EFL learners with regard to their use of apology strategies: χ (10) = 2.69, p = .98.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of apology strategies employed by Iranian EFL learners

Abedi¹

2016

IJRSE

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“…Apologies are found in all human communities in that human being is a social creature and maintenance of harmony in one's interpersonal relationships is a socially warranted necessity. Apologies are realized in an assortment of patterns and clutch a specific cultural value and this state of variety lies in the fact that the social organization of human societies are in variation (Wouk, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Descriptive-Comparative Analysis of Apology Strategies: The case of Iranian EFL and Malaysian ESL University Students

Farashaiyan¹,

Yazdi-Amirkhiz²

2011

ELT

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This paper reports on a study that was carried out to describe and compare the apology strategies utilized by Iranian EFL and Malaysian ESL learners in confronting identical apology situations. For this purpose, data were elicited from 15 Iranian and 15 Malaysian students through a Discourse completion tasks questionnaire. The participants were of the same language proficiency. Results of the study showed certain similarities and differences in terms of frequency and typology of strategies used by Iranian and Malaysian students. The findings of this study might be of pedagogical help and significance to teachers, students and those interested in pragmatics in general and apology speech act in particular.

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“…Characteristics of apology have been shown to be influenced by various factors, including the severity of the offence (e.g., Grieve, 2010;Wouk, 2005), the interlocutor relationship (e.g. Mulamba, 2009;Shardakova, 2005), and gender (e.g., Holmes, 1989;Hobbs, 2003).…”

Section: Cross-linguistic Apologies By Text Message Apologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some researchers, for example Wierzbicka (1991), maintain that since each culture has its own unique norms, it is difficult to deter-mine universal characteristics of politeness. Since the BlumKulka et al (1989) study, there have been investigations of apologies as performed in non-Western languages, for example Sudanese Arabic (Nureddeen, 2008); Farsi (Afghari, 2007); Ciluba (Mulamba, 2009), Setswana (Kasanga & LwangaLumu, 2007); Bahasa Indonesia (Wouk, 2005); Thai (Intachakra, 2004); Mandarin (Zhang, 2001); Japanese (Sugimoto, 1997); and Korean (Kim, 2008;Park, Lee & Song, 2005;Yang, 2002).…”

Section: Cross-linguistic Apologies By Text Message Apologymentioning

confidence: 99%

English and Malay Text Messages and What They Say about Texts and Cultures

Marzuki¹,

Walter²

2013

OJML

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This study of the pragmatics of cross-cultural text messages throws light on the evolution of new hybrid forms of literacy and on the complex ways that culture is expressed and mediated in second language/ second culture contexts. An investigation was carried out into the pragmatics of apology in first-language (L1) and second-language (L2) short messaging service text messages of adult Malay speakers who are proficient users of English, living and studying in an English-speaking university environment; and into L1 English users' text apologies in the same context. Research questions included whether these proficient L2 English users would perform differently from L1 English users in this high-stakes speech act, and from their own L1 Malay use; and whether apologies in what has been called a hybrid medium would differ from those previously studied in writing, in speech and in other electronic media. Twenty-six native speakers of English and 26 native speakers of Malay responded via text messages to discourse completion tests (DCTs) in L1; the DCTs represented either high or low levels of offence calling for apologies. The Malay native speakers also responded to apology situations in L2 English. Data were coded using an adapted version of Cohen and Olshtain's (1981) coding scheme. Analysis of the messages sent by participants revealed clear signs of a hybrid type of text that is differently conceptualised by the two communities. It also showed that the Malay users' second language literacy was shaped in a complex way that sometimes accommodated the second language/second culture and sometimes retained first language/first culture values.

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The language of apologizing in Lombok, Indonesia

Cited by 49 publications

References 18 publications

An investigation of apology strategies employed by Iranian EFL learners

An investigation of apology strategies employed by Iranian EFL learners

A Descriptive-Comparative Analysis of Apology Strategies: The case of Iranian EFL and Malaysian ESL University Students

English and Malay Text Messages and What They Say about Texts and Cultures

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