The Lactobacillus gasseri G098 Strain Mitigates Symptoms of DSS-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Mice

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a recurring inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract with unclear etiology, but it is thought to be related to factors like immune abnormalities and gut microbial dysbiosis. Probiotics can regulate host immunity and gut microbiota; thus, we investigated the alleviation effect and mechanism of the strain Lactobacillus gasseri G098 (G098) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Three groups of mice (n = 8 per group) were included: normal control (NC), DSS-induced colitis mice (DSS), and colitis mice given strain (G098). Our results showed that administering G098 effectively reversed DSS-induced colitis-associated symptoms (mitigating weight loss, reducing disease activity index and pathology scores; p < 0.05 in all cases) and prevented DSS-induced mortality (62.5% in DSS group; 100% in G098 group). The mortality rate and symptom improvement by G098 administration was accompanied by a healthier serum cytokine balance (significant decreases in serum pro-inflammatory factors, interleukin (IL)-6 [p < 0.05], IL-1β [p < 0.01], and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α [p < 0.001], and significant increase in the serum anti-inflammatory factor IL-13 [p < 0.01], compared with DSS group) and gut microbiome modulation (characterized by a higher gut microbiota diversity [p < 0.05], significantly more Firmicutes and Lachnoclostridium [p < 0.05], significantly fewer Bacteroidetes [p < 0.05], and significant higher gene abundances of sugar degradation-related pathways [p < 0.05], compared with DSS-treated group). Taken altogether, our results suggested that G098 intake could mitigate DSS-induced colitis through modulating host immunity and gut microbiome, and strain treatment is a promising strategy for managing IBD.

Shifts and importance of viable bacteria in treatment of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mice with FMT

“…Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one subtype of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that has a high incidence and prevalence in the worldwide ( Lima et al., 2021 ). It is also thought to be intricately caused by variable factors, including genetic ( Hedin et al., 2015 ), immunological and environmental aspects ( Braun and Wei, 2007 ), of which the gut microbiota dysbiosis may play important roles ( Sheehan et al., 2015 ; Kump et al., 2018 ; Zhang et al., 2022 ). Despite available therapies, including corticosteroids, anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) agents, aminosalicylates, immunomodulators, and surgery ( Weisshof et al., 2018 ), development of new therapies and investigation of alternative strategies are in urgent need for amount of patients who are unresponsive to these existing treatments or present secondary failure during treatment.…”

Inflammatory bowel disease increases the risk of hepatobiliary pancreatic cancer: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization analysis of European and East Asian populations

“…It has been established that the following three criteria must be met for independent genetic variants as IVs in MR studies 18 : (1) IVs are closely related to exposure; (2) There is no pleiotropic association between IVs and any potential confounders; (3) IVs have no direct effect on the outcome except affecting the outcome by associated exposure (Figure 1). The latter two criteria are unrelated to pleiotropy.…”

“…F-statistics are commonly used to assess the strength of the correlation between instrumental variables and exposure. The equation of F-statistic is 2 represents the exposure variance interpreted by the selected SNPs, n is the number of samples, and k is the number of IVs included. An F value less than 10 indicated a weak correlation between the included IV and exposure, and this IV was removed.…”

“…The etiology of IBD remains elusive and is widely thought to result from the interplay of several factors. There is an increasing consensus that IBD is closely related to genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, intestinal flora, intestinal mucosal function, immune response, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response 2,9–12 . Hepato‐pancreato‐biliary cancers (HPBC), including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), and pancreatic cancer (PC), are common malignant tumors of the digestive system.…”

Inflammatory Response: A Crucial Way for Gut Microbes to Regulate Cardiovascular Diseases

“…Inflammatory bowel disease was highly related to disturbed gut microbiota, while probiotics can mitigate colitis through modulating host immunity and the gut microbiome [ 10 ]. Clinical symptoms gained considerable improvement after probiotics administration, accompanied by a healthier change of serum cytokines, including a significant decrease of serum pro-inflammatory factors, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and a sharp increase of the serum anti-inflammatory factor Interleukin-13 (IL-13) [ 11 ]. Evidence showed that Paeonol restricted the development of atherosclerosis with respect to the restoration of the balance of Treg/Th17, which indirectly downregulated the protein expression of LOX and fibrosis-related indicators (MMP-2/9 and collagen I/III).…”