1999
DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-3992.1999.tb00011.x
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The Lack of Fidelity Between Cognitively Complex Constructs and Conventional Test Development Practice

Abstract: Do current test development practices align well with the cognitively complex constructs being called for in the educational reform movement? What types of test development practices are needed to develop measures of cognitively complex constructs?

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Cited by 39 publications
(18 citation statements)
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“…Indeed, in many or most cases the cognitive processes used by students are not known with certainty. Item writers usually are content specialists working from test specifications that have no formal relation to current psychological theory (e.g., Bejar, 1993; Embret-3 son, 1985; Hattie, Jaeger, & Bond, 1999;Mislevy, 1996;Nichols, 1994;Nichols & Sugrue, 1999;Snow & Lohman, 1989;Snow & Peterson, 1985). From a psychological perspective, for example, "content area" as described in Table 1 seems highly redundant with "knowledge," conceived of as understanding both concepts and processes of science.…”
Section: Analysis 2: Cognitive Category As the Dbf Organixing Principle'mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Indeed, in many or most cases the cognitive processes used by students are not known with certainty. Item writers usually are content specialists working from test specifications that have no formal relation to current psychological theory (e.g., Bejar, 1993; Embret-3 son, 1985; Hattie, Jaeger, & Bond, 1999;Mislevy, 1996;Nichols, 1994;Nichols & Sugrue, 1999;Snow & Lohman, 1989;Snow & Peterson, 1985). From a psychological perspective, for example, "content area" as described in Table 1 seems highly redundant with "knowledge," conceived of as understanding both concepts and processes of science.…”
Section: Analysis 2: Cognitive Category As the Dbf Organixing Principle'mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The importance of free response questions in the assessment of higher order learning is well established (e.g., Birenbaum and Kikumi Tatsuoka 1987, Becker and Johnston 1999, Nichols and Sugrue 1999, Resnick and Zurawsky 2007, Heyborne et al 2011. Essay and short answer questions can allow students to cover a wider range of content than a multiple choice or matching question, they more easily assess the integrative and/or applied levels on Bloom's taxonomy as students are typically asked to "apply" or "explain", and allow students to express their reasoning for a given answer, providing important information for formative assessment.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There is a longstanding debate as to whether standard testing is capable of evaluating cognitive learning [22], [23]. Marzano and colleagues [24], [25] [26] have pointed out that standard assessment of learning was not designed to determine, for example, if cognitive abilities or newly-acquired knowledge will remain long term.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%