The lack of clear GMO regulation: its impact on researchers and farmers in Brazil

Contini, Elisio; Sampaio, M. J. A. M.; Avila, Antonio Flavio Dias

doi:10.1504/ijbt.2005.006443

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In particular, Brazil and Argentina (as well as Mexico) are relatively under-represented (given the large area under GM crops in these countries) in the database suggesting that there are few published accounts for GM performance in those countries. This point has also been made by Contini et al [53], Paredes and Amrtin [49] and Smale et al [52]. One possible reason for the relative lack of studies from Latin America in the database might be the focus upon publications written in English.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

A Meta Analysis on Farm-Level Costs and Benefits of GM Crops

et al. 2011

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This paper reviews the evidence on the socio-economic impacts of GM crops and analyzes whether there are patterns across space and time. To this end, we investigate the effect of GM crops on farm-level costs and benefits using global data from more than one decade of field trials and surveys. More specifically, we analyze the effects of GM-crops on crop yields, seed costs, pesticide costs, and management and labor costs and finally gross margins. Based on collected data from studies on Bt cotton and Bt maize, statistical analyses are conducted to estimate the effect of GM crop adoption on these parameters. Our results show that, compared to conventional crops, GM crops can lead to yield increases and can lead to reductions in the costs of pesticide application, whereas seed costs are usually substantially higher. Thus, the results presented here do support the contention that the adoption of GM crops leads on average to a higher economic performance, which is also underlined by the high adoption rates for GM crops in a number of countries. However, the kind and magnitude of benefits from GM crops are very heterogeneous between countries and regions, particularly due to differences in pest pressure and pest management practices. Countries with poor pest management practices OPEN ACCESS

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

A Meta Analysis on Farm-Level Costs and Benefits of GM Crops

et al. 2011

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“…GMOs have been banned in Brazil for a long time, but the illegal plating of GM soybean forced the government to formulate legalization regarding GMOs. It is expected that the present legislation in Brazil will be streamlined and that more GMOs will be approved in the future [57,58]. The Brazilian regulatory framework is similar to the EU model, while the inspection and evaluation procedures follow the US model [56].…”

Section: Genetically Modified Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…See Refs. [57,58] for an overview and discussion of GMO legislation in Brazil. Due to a wide range of potential modifications and the scientific uncertainties mentioned above, no generally applicable indicators and criteria can be formulated at this moment, other than a complete ban on GM sugarcane (GMSC).…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sustainability of Brazilian ethanol—An assessment of the possibilities of certified production

Smeets

Junginger

Faaij

et al. 2008

Biomass and Bioenergy

190

107

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In this article the environmental and socio-economical impacts ethanol production from sugarcane in the state of São Paulo (Brazil) are evaluated. Subsequently, an attempt is made to determine to what extent these impacts are a bottleneck for a sustainable and certified ethanol production. 17 environmental and socio-economic areas of concern are analysed. Four parameters are used to evaluate if an area of concern is a bottleneck: (1) the importance of the area of concern, based on the severity of the impact and the frequency of which an aspect is mentioned in the literature as an area of concern, (2) the availability of indicators and criteria, (3) the necessity of improvement strategies to reach compliance with Brazilian and/or (inter)national legislation, standards, guidelines and sustainability criteria, and (4) the impact of these improvement strategies on the costs and potential of ethanol production. The availability of data allowed for the calculation of these costs for 12 criteria; the results indicate an increase of the production costs by 36% compared to convential ethanol production. In total 14 areas of concern are classified as a minor or medium bottleneck. Two possible major bottlenecks are the protection of biodiversity and the production of food resulting from the competition for land with (the expected increase in) sugarcane production. Genetically modified cane is another (potential) major bottleneck considering the potentially large benefits and disadvantages, both which are at this moment highly uncertain.

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“…Plants were transplanted to the field in December 2003, aiming at new seed production and preliminary observations. Seed were stored in a refrigerator for 22 months, that was the waiting time for licenses to implement the field experiment (Contini et al, 2005). When they were sown, they had germinative power ranging from 0 to 56% (Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance of transgenic papaya trees to papaya ringspot in Brazil

Filho

Vilarinhos

Oliveira³

et al. 2021

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the resistance of transgenic papaya populations (PTPs) to Papaya ringspot virus-P (PRSV-P). 'Sunrise Solo' transgenic papaya plants were produced with the gene of the PRSV-P protein coat, and PRSV was mechanically inoculated in plants in greenhouse conditions. The presence of the CP/PRSV gene and homozygosis were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Selected plants and the 'Sunrise Solo' control were transplanted to the field for agronomic evaluations. The plants evaluated in greenhouse conditions showed resistance between 96.3 and 5.8%, without variation of symptoms. The PTPs 1/6, 1/7, 1/9, 1/10, 1/15, 2/38, 2/41, 2/56, 2/65, 3/27, 3/46, 3/48, 4/9, 4/27, 8/4, 8/23, 8/33, 18/3, 18/4, 18/8, 18/22, 18/27, 28/97, 28/104, and 28/110 showed no symptoms, they were ELISA negative, and most of them contained the CP and NPT II genes. PTPs 1/6 and 3/46 had the CP gene in homozygosis and in double insertion. PTPs 1/6/20, 1/6/59, 1/6/64, 1/6/90, 3/46/44, 3/46/52, and 18/27/97 had a well-formed fruit cluster, piriform fruit weighing approximately 500 grams, orange pulp, and less than 10% carpelloidy. PTPs 1/6/59 and 3/46/52 show resistance to PRSV, good agronomic characteristics, and the CP gene in homozygosis.

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The lack of clear GMO regulation: its impact on researchers and farmers in Brazil

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

A Meta Analysis on Farm-Level Costs and Benefits of GM Crops

A Meta Analysis on Farm-Level Costs and Benefits of GM Crops

The sustainability of Brazilian ethanol—An assessment of the possibilities of certified production

Resistance of transgenic papaya trees to papaya ringspot in Brazil

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