The L-Forms of Bacteria

Madoff, Sarabelle; Lawson, John W.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-2191-1_68

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The induction medium was similar to that used by other workers (Baudler and Gumpert 1979; Gumpert 1982) in that sucrose was also used as osmoticum (although at a higher concentration of 20% (w/v) rather than 14% (w/v)), penicillin was the principal inducing agent and the solidified medium was supplemented with 5% (v/v) horse serum. The initial lack of growth on streak plates may have been due to insufficient inoculum, a feature which is widely reported for L‐form cultivation, and perhaps the use of the standard ‘push‐block’ technique recommended by Madoff and Pachas (1976) would have proved more successful. Excellent L‐form growth was achieved in liquid cultures using weekly subculture of 1 ml aliquots into fresh medium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction, growth and antibiotic production of Streptomyces viridifaciens L-form bacteria

Innes

Allan

2001

J Appl Microbiol

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Aims: To induce, cultivate and investigate the characteristics of L-form bacteria derived from the ®lamentous actinomycete Streptomyces viridifaciens. Methods and Results: L-forms were induced in a liquid medium supplemented with lysozyme and penicillin. A stable culture which no longer required inducing agents but could still revert, was obtained by the twelfth subculture. The speci®c growth rate of stable L-forms was faster (0á751) than unstable L-forms (0á361). After the exponential growth phase, the cell diameter continued to increase, as did the percentage of vacuoles. Morphologically, the Lforms appeared as spherical bodies with no signs of differentiation and were sensitive to osmotic stress, indicating removal of the cell wall. The L-forms produced secondary metabolites although much lower levels of antibiotic were assayed in the L-forms compared with the cell walled forms. Conclusions: Stable L-form bacteria were induced from S. viridifaciens and their growth characterized. The L-forms produced secondary metabolites. Signi®cance and Impact of the Study: Stable Streptomyces L-forms were induced and have potential as biocontrol agents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction, growth and antibiotic production of Streptomyces viridifaciens L-form bacteria

Innes

Allan

2001

J Appl Microbiol

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“…After incubation for 14 d the small colonies were cut from the L P M and the resulting block was upturned onto the surface of fresh l,PM, supplemented with lysozyme as described above. Subsequent subculture of the L-forms was undertaken with the push block method of Madoff & Pachas (1976). The agar block was pushed across the surface of the medium every 2 d. Growth derived from the pushed block was examined microscopically at daily intervals for signs of reversion.…”

Section: L-form Initiation and Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction and cultivation of a stable L‐form of Bacillus subtilis

Allan

1991

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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The induction of L-forms of Bacillus subtilis from protoplasts is described. The method involved the frequent subculture of the unstable L-form on a growth medium supplemented with lysozyme and horse serum. A stable culture, which did not revert when lysozyme and horse serum were omitted from the medium, was obtained after 13 subcultures. This culture could be grown on solid and in liquid medium by routine microbiological methods. Long-term storage of these cells was achieved by freeze drying and maintenance in glycerol at -70 degrees C. The cultural adaptability of the L-form is described and discussed with respect to methods of cultivation and growth.

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“…By growing bacteria a t different constant pH conditions in the presence of carbon dioxide, and titrating the contents of hemolysin so produced a t the end of 24 hours, we have found that the optimum pH for the production of alpha toxin lies around pH 6. The purification of staphylococcal alpha toxin has been undertaked as well as other extracellular products of staphylococci. We have done the fractionation using columns of Sephadex G100.…”

Section: Tirunarayananmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcal Alpha Toxin*

Bernheimer

1965

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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The L-Forms of Bacteria

Cited by 8 publications

References 48 publications

Induction, growth and antibiotic production of Streptomyces viridifaciens L-form bacteria

Induction, growth and antibiotic production of Streptomyces viridifaciens L-form bacteria

Induction and cultivation of a stable L‐form of Bacillus subtilis

Staphylococcal Alpha Toxin*

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