The Korean growth-management programs: issues, problems and possible reforms

Patterns of development and conservation in agricultural lands—The case of the Tel Aviv metropolitan region 1990–2000

“…This process may vary in timing, scope and intensity, depending on local characteristics, such as institutional structure, planning policy, economic conditions and prevailing social norms and ideologies. Thus, while in the USA and other western countries this phenomenon was already evident in the late 1950s and 1960s (see for example: Girling and Helphand, 1994;Koomen et al, 2008), spreading also to the east in the 1970s and 1980s (see for example: Cheng and Masser, 2003;Cho, 2002;Fazal, 2001;Murakami et al, 2005), it was experienced in Israel only since the 1990s, particularly in the Tel Aviv metropolitan region (TMR). As a matter of fact, growth trends could already be traced in Israel in the 1980s, following economic prosperity and increasing standard of living.…”

Globalization, foreign direct investment, and urban growth management: Policies and conflicts in Vientiane, Laos

“…Growth management is defined as growth control, which is opposed to growth. Cho (2002) argued that growth in general does not pose a huge problem, but the exact pattern of growth is crucial. To manage growth, urban planning and management are adopted commonly as the most important instruments in contemporary cities.…”

Space for Space, a transferable development rights initiative for changing the Dutch landscape

“…The method receives worldwide attention and inspired comparable practices in other countries such as France (Renard, 2007), Italy (Micelli, 2002), Japan (Chorus, 2006) and Korea (Cho, 2002). It is seen as an interesting land-use technique since it is a markettype transaction involving low costs to the public.…”