The Korean American Woman's Face

Choe, Kyle S.; Sclafani, Anthony P.; Litner, Jason A.; Yu, Guo-Pei; Romo, Thomas

doi:10.1001/archfaci.6.4.244

Cited by 122 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Several works 10,[14][15][16][17][18]22 have anthropometrically analyzed facial features of different populations. However, discussions between those studies and the present work are somewhat difficult to make due to the notable genotypic (and thereby phenotypic) variation between races.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average of these measurements from facial 3D images represents the facial morphology of soft tissue from adults and can be used to assist with diagnoses and the treatment regimens of patients from different countries, as it shows population's singularities and soft tissue structures 10 . Several studies have, in fact, also aimed at creating facial profiles of different racial groups [14][15][16][17][18][19] . In Brazil, such mapping of facial profiles has not been conducted, and stereophotogrammetry techniques could certainly provide accurate measurements of the populations' facial traits for comparison between the country's different regions as well as to other international studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facial anthropometric analysis of a healthy group of young Brazilian adults by means of stereophotogrammetry technique

Júnior

Magri

Melchior

et al. 2016

Rev. odontol. UNESP

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ResumoIntrodução: Antropometria é a ciência responsável por medir o peso, tamanho e proporções do corpo humano, fornecendo informações objetivas e confiáveis para caracterizar variações e dismorfismos fenotípicos. Entre os novos métodos de análise facial, a técnica da estereofotogrametria tem mostrado excelentes resultados devido o uso de um grupo de câmeras capazes de fotografar sujeitos em múltiplos ângulos. Objetivo: Os objetivos deste estudo foram: (1) analisar o perfil facial de um grupo de jovens adultos saudáveis brasileiros, entre 18 e 30 anos, (2) definir valores comuns entre os sujeitos, (3) criar uma base de dados de medidas faciais de uma porção desta população jovem adulta de brasileiros para ser utilizada em trabalhos futuros, e (4) testar a precisão e repetibilidade do equipamento Vectra M3  . Material e método: Sessenta jovens adultos brasileiros participaram deste estudo, 30 homens e 30 mulheres. Pontos de referência craniométricos temporários foram realizados em tecido mole, e estes sujeitos foram fotografados pela técnica da estereofotogrametria. Trinta pontos de referência foram usados para realizar as medições (em mm) de 35 distâncias. A repetibilidade do equipamento foi testada em 20% da amostra (12 sujeitos). Resultado: Os valores entre a primeira e a segunda aquisição foram estatisticamente (p<0,05) similares para todas as 35 distancias analisadas. Os achados possibilitaram a criação de um banco de dados confiável contendo distâncias de uma porção da população jovem adulta saudável brasileira. Além disso, as distâncias Tr-N, N-Sn, Ls-Sto, Sto-Li, En[r]-En[l] e Prn-Sn não foram estatisticamente diferentes entre o grupo de homens (GM) e o grupo de mulheres (GW), enquanto as outras 29 distâncias foram significativamente maiores em GM. Conclusão: A técnica e os métodos empregados neste estudo possibilitaram análise objetiva do perfil facial de um grupo de jovens adultos saudáveis brasileiros, e o equipamento Vectra M3  mostrou alto nível de precisão e reprodutibilidade.Descritores: Estereofotogrametria; antropometria; face; população brasileira. AbstractIntroduction: Anthropometry is the science responsible for measuring the weight, size, and proportions of the human body, providing valuable and objective insights into how to characterize phenotypic variation and dysmorphology. Among the newer methods for facial analysis, the stereophotogrammetry technique has shown excellent results given its use of a group of fast cameras that photograph subjects from multiple angles. Objective: The aims of the present study were: (1) to analyze the facial profile of a group of healthy young Brazilian adults, between 18 and 30 years of age, (2) to define common facial values among the subjects, (3) to create a database of facial measurements of a portion of this young healthy Brazilian population to be used in future works, and (4) to test the precision and repeatability of the Vectra M3  equipment. Material and method: Sixty healthy young Brazilian adults participated in the study, 30 males and 30 femal...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial anthropometric analysis of a healthy group of young Brazilian adults by means of stereophotogrammetry technique

Júnior

Magri

Melchior

et al. 2016

Rev. odontol. UNESP

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“…These studies were performed with manual anthropometry in which measurements were directly obtained using anthropometric tools, e.g., spreading and sliding calipers. There are few studies [7], [8], [9] which have used two-dimensional (2-D) photographs to validate the applicability of these canons. However, use of such 2-D techniques for quantification of the 3-D morphology of the face has inherent methodologic limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Neoclassical Canons Valid for Southern Chinese Faces?

et al. 2012

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BackgroundProportions derived from neoclassical canons, initially described by Renaissance sculptors and painters, are still being employed as aesthetic guidelines during the clinical assessment of the facial morphology.Objective1. to determine the applicability of neoclassical canons for Southern Chinese faces and 2. to explore gender differences in relation to the applicability of the neoclassical canons and their variants.Methodology3-D photographs acquired from 103 young adults (51 males and 52 females) without facial dysmorphology were used to test applicability of four neoclassical canons. Standard anthropometric measurements that determine the facial canons were made on these 3-D images. The validity of the canons as well as their different variants were quantified.Principal FindingsThe neoclassical cannons seldom applied to these individuals, and facial three-section and orbital canons did not apply at all. The orbitonasal canon was most frequently applicable, with a frequency of 19%. Significant sexual dimorphism was found relative to the prevalence of the variants of facial three-section and orbitonasal canons.ConclusionThe neoclassical canons did not appear to apply to our sample when rigorous quantitative measurements were employed. Thus, they should not be used as esthetic goals for craniofacial surgical interventions.

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“…[78] Perrett et al . pointed out that averageness is one of the important cues for facial attractiveness; it is the mean value of measurement derived from the large group of population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of facial shape by applying golden ratio to the facial measurements: An interracial study in Malaysian population

2012

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Background:The “golden ratio” is considered as a universal facial aesthetical standard. Researcher's opinion that deviation from golden ratio can result in development of facial abnormalities.Aims:This study was designed to study the facial morphology and to identify individuals with normal, short, and long face.Materials and Methods:We studied 300 Malaysian nationality subjects aged 18-28 years of Chinese, Indian, and Malay extraction. The parameters measured were physiognomical facial height and width of face, and physiognomical facial index was calculated. Face shape was classified based on golden ratio. Independent t test was done to test the difference between sexes and among the races.Results:The mean values of the measurements and index showed significant sexual and interracial differences. Out of 300 subjects, the face shape was normal in 60 subjects, short in 224 subjects, and long in 16 subjects.Conclusion:As anticipated, the measurements showed variations according to gender and race. Only 60 subjects had a regular face shape, and remaining 240 subjects had irregular face shape (short and long). Since the short and long shape individuals may be at risk of developing various disorders, the knowledge of facial shapes in the given population is important for early diagnostic and treatment procedures.

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The Korean American Woman's Face

Abstract: To assess the differences in facial proportions between Korean American (KA) women and North American white (NAW) women and to quantitatively describe aesthetic facial features in the KA women.

Cited by 122 publications

References 18 publications

Facial anthropometric analysis of a healthy group of young Brazilian adults by means of stereophotogrammetry technique

Facial anthropometric analysis of a healthy group of young Brazilian adults by means of stereophotogrammetry technique

Are Neoclassical Canons Valid for Southern Chinese Faces?

Identification of facial shape by applying golden ratio to the facial measurements: An interracial study in Malaysian population

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