The Knowledge Production Function for University Patenting

Gurmu, Shiferaw; Black, Grant; Stephan, Paula E.

doi:10.1111/j.1465-7295.2008.00172.x

Cited by 43 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…We argue that this excellent performance of the Chinese with respect to other students is most likely explained by selection processes. Our findings strengthen and complement other studies that have found that migrant scientists and engineers make disproportionate contributions to U.S. innovation (Levin & Stephan 1999;Hunt 2011, Stuen, Mobarak & Maskus 2011Chellaraj, Maskus & Mattoo 2008, Gurmu, Black & Stephan 2010. The influx of talented students is an important benefit to host universities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…This paper contributes to the growing literature on immigration and innovation. Previous studies have typically analyzed the relationship between the innovative performance of cities (Kerr & Lincoln 2010), states (Hunt & Gauthier-Loiselle 2010), firms (Kerr & Lincoln 2010;Passerman 2011) or universities (Stuen, Mobarak & Maskus 2011;Chellaraj, Maskus & Mattoo 2008;Gurmu, Black & Stephan 2010) and the share of migrants in these entities.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Immigration and Innovation: Chinese Graduate Students in U.S. Universities

Gaulé

Piacentini

2015

SSRN Journal

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Immigration is rapidly changing the composition of the R&D workforce in the United States, with important implications for both management and public policy. We study here the Chinese chemists and chemical engineers who migrate to the United States for their graduate studies. We analyze productivity at the individual researcher level, thus bypassing the identification issues that earlier studies had to confront when analyzing the relationship between immigration and innovation at the university or firm level. Using new data and measurement techniques, we find robust evidence that Chinese students make disproportionate contributions to the scientific output of their advisors and departments. We attribute this result to a selection effect as it is relatively more difficult for Chinese students to gain admission into U.S. PhD programs. Our results strengthen the case for liberal student migration policies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immigration and Innovation: Chinese Graduate Students in U.S. Universities

Gaulé

Piacentini

2015

SSRN Journal

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“…Several authors have used this empirical tool to analyse the production of university patents at various levels (e.g. Coupé 2003;Foltz et al 2000Foltz et al , 2003Payne and Siow 2003;Azagra-Caro et al 2006a, b;Baldini et al 2006;Acosta et al 2009;Gurmu et al 2010). Our framework is marked by two differences.…”

Section: Econometric Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does technological diversification spur university patenting?

2015

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Technological diversity, or the breadth of technological knowledge embedded in patented inventions, refers to the range of different technological or economic fields covered by a patent. This paper explores the role of diversification scope in encouraging the production of new patents in European universities by including the diversification scope as an explanatory variable in a patent production function. We hypothesize that the more diversified the patented technology in the university, the greater the production of new patents in subsequent periods. To test this hypothesis we rely on a cross-sectional sample of patents owned by 141 European universities across Europe in 2001-2004. Our empirical findings support the hypothesis of diversification, which means that the production of new patents can be spurred by promoting or stimulating greater levels of technological diversification. This result is robust to both the use of various measures of diversification and to different econometric specifications.

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“…In contrast, Payne and Siow (2003), Adams (2009), and Gurmu, Black, and Stephan (2010) find positive effects of research grants on knowledge production in universities.…”

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confidence: 89%

Spending Wisely? How Resources Affect Knowledge Production in Universities

Whalley

Hicks²

2013

Economic Inquiry

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Every year billions of dollars are spent on research grants to produce new knowledge in universities. However, as grants may also affect other research funding the effects of financial resources on knowledge production remains unclear. To uncover how financial resources affect knowledge production we study the effects of research spending itself. Utilizing the legal constraints on university spending from an endowment we develop an instrumental variables approach. Our approach instruments for university research spending with time-series variation in stock prices interacted with cross-sectional variation in initial endowment market values for research universities in the United States. Our analysis reveals that research spending has a substantial positive effect on the number of papers produced, but not their impact.We also demonstrate that research spending effects are quite similar at private and public universities.

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The Knowledge Production Function for University Patenting

Cited by 43 publications

References 23 publications

Immigration and Innovation: Chinese Graduate Students in U.S. Universities

Immigration and Innovation: Chinese Graduate Students in U.S. Universities

Does technological diversification spur university patenting?

Spending Wisely? How Resources Affect Knowledge Production in Universities

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