THE KLEINE‐LEVIN SYNDROME <i>Report of a case and discussion</i>

Persson, Tonje J.; Olsson, L; Ortman, E

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1970.tb02105.x

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The genetic diseases were heterogeneous and included a case of mosaicism with Robert's syndrome, phocomelia, mild mental retardation, optic atrophy, bilateral facial palsy (Hasegawa et al, 1998), a case with Prader-Willi syndrome (Gau et al, 1996), an unidentified disease with mental retardation and bilateral pyramidal syndrome (Livrea et al, 1977), another complex case of consanguinity, mental retardation, an ectodermal disorder (incontinentia pigmenti), acanthosis nigricans, and hereditary exostosis (Reimao and Shimizu, 1998) and developmental Asperger's disease in two patients, one with cortical dysplasia and retinitis pigmentosa (Berthier et al, 1992). As for the three patients with infectious encephalitis of unknown origin, one had an acute viral meningo-encephalitis and high CSF lymphocyte counts (Merriam, 1986) while another had a meningo-encephalitis with neurological sequels, including left hypo-sensitivity, central facial palsy, concentric loss of visual fields and bilateral facial spasms (Persson et al, 1969). KLS also occurred in a context of gastrointestinal symptoms in the 1930's in a woman with recurrent episodes of variable hypersomnia, sometimes severe insomnia, and diarrhoea lasting over a 30-year period (Wilder, 1972).…”

Section: Cases With Secondary Kls Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kleine–Levin syndrome: a systematic review of 186 cases in the literature

Arnulf¹,

Zeitzer²,

File³

et al. 2005

Brain

353

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Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare disorder with symptoms that include periodic hypersomnia, cognitive and behavioural disturbances. Large series of patients are lacking. In order to report on various KLS symptoms, identify risk factors and analyse treatment response, we performed a systematic review of 195 articles, written in English and non-English languages, which are available on Medline dating from 1962 to 2004. Doubtful or duplicate cases, case series without individual details and reviews (n = 56 articles) were excluded. In addition, the details of 186 patients from 139 articles were compiled. Primary KLS cases (n = 168) were found mostly in men (68%) and occurred sporadically worldwide. The median age of onset was 15 years (range 4-82 years, 81% during the second decade) and the syndrome lasted 8 years, with seven episodes of 10 days, recurring every 3.5 months (median values) with the disease lasting longer in women and in patients with less frequent episodes during the first year. It was precipitated most frequently by infections (38.2%), head trauma (9%), or alcohol consumption (5.4%). Common symptoms were hypersomnia (100%), cognitive changes (96%, including a specific feeling of derealization), eating disturbances (80%), hypersexuality (43%), compulsions (29%), and depressed mood (48%). In 75 treated patients (213 trials), somnolence decreased using stimulants (mainly amphetamines) in 40% of cases, while neuroleptics and antidepressants were of poor benefit. Only lithium (but not carbamazepine or other antiepileptics) had a higher reported response rate (41%) for stopping relapses when compared to medical abstention (19%). Secondary KLS (n = 18) patients were older and had more frequent and longer episodes, but had clinical symptoms and treatment responses similar to primary cases. In conclusion, KLS is a unique disease which may be more severe in female and secondary cases.

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Section: Cases With Secondary Kls Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kleine–Levin syndrome: a systematic review of 186 cases in the literature

Arnulf¹,

Zeitzer²,

File³

et al. 2005

Brain

353

300

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“…This hypothesis was scrutinized but could not be confirmed (9). Various exogenous factors can precipitate an attack such as fever and infections (10–12). Structural changes on computed tomography (CT) scan have been demonstrated in two patients who had hypodense lesions in the suprasellar cistern suggesting an infundibular lipoma (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term memory dysfunction in Kleine-Levin syndrome

Landtblom

Dige

Schwerdt

et al. 2003

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica

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“…Its structure differs from that of orciprenaline by having a tertiary butyl ! :,'TOUp on the nitrogen atom instead of an isopropyl group and further from isoprenaline by having the OHg.roups of the benzene ring in the m zta position (Persson and Olsson, 1970).…”

Section: The Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently a new beta-receptor stimulating compound, terbutaline, has been synthesized and was first reported on by Bergman et al (1969). It is a derivative of resorcinol with the formula those of orciprenaline (Persson and Olsson, 1970). Preliminary Swedish clinical trials on patients with bronchial asthma have shown that terbutaline has a significant broncholytic effect when given both by mouth and subcutaneously (Arner et al, 1970;Arner, 1970;Formgren, 1970).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%