The kinetics of in-reservoir oil destruction and gas formation: constraints from experimental and empirical data, and from thermodynamics

The effect of oil expulsion or retention on further thermal degradation of kerogen at the high maturity stage: A pyrolysis study of type II kerogen from Pingliang shale, China

“…It could involve multiple order reactions, but for convenience in exploration, the generation process was usually simplified and described as multiple parallel first order reactions (Ungerer et al, 1988;Behar et al, 1992;Horsfield et al, 1992;Schenk et al, 1997;Waples, 2000). Non-isothermal experimental data were mostly used to produce the distribution of activation energies and model the complicated hydrocarbon generation from the decomposition of kerogen or oil.…”

“…In the present study, kinetic parameters of the generation of methane and total gases from the two kerogen samples (KO and KAE) were determined using the software Kinetics developed by Braun and Burnham. Due to the compensation effect between the activation energies and the frequency factor (Waples, 2000), a fixed frequency factor was used in the kinetic modeling for the comparison of gas generation process between sample KO and KAE. We followed the methods used by Hill et al (2007), and the sum of total errors between experimental data and calculated results was obtained when the frequency factor was adjusted between 1 Â 10 12 s À1 and 1 Â 10 18 s À1 .…”

Hydrocarbon generation from coal, extracted coal and bitumen rich coal in confined pyrolysis experiments

“…The main purpose for the kinetic modeling in the present study is to characterize the differences in kinetic properties for the generation of gas hydrocarbons among the three experiments of extracted coal, coal and bitumen rich coal. Previous studies demonstrated the compensation effect between the frequency factor (A) and the activation energies for hydrocarbon generation and destruction (e.g., Pelet, 1994;Waples, 2000;Pan et al, 2012). In order to avoid this compensation effect, we used a fixed frequency factor of 4 Â 10 11 /s for methane generation in all three experiments.…”

A Prediction Model of Oil Cracked Gas Resources and Its Application in the Gas Pools of Feixianguan Formation in NE Sichuan Basin, SW China

“…The presentation of oil cracked gas and the research of kinetic model of oil cracking have made contribution to the theory of natural gas generation [1][2][3][4][5][6]. It is shown that oil cracking is an important passway for gas generation from marine source rocks [7].…”