The kinetics of hot-pressing for undoped and donor-doped BaTiO3 ceramics

Abstract

The kinetics of hot-pressing for undoped and donor-doped BaTiO3 of high purity have been studied at 1050~ and at 2.3 to 27.6 MPa in an oxidizing atmosphere. The stress exponent and grain size exponent of the densification rate are indicative of control of densification by a grain boundary diffusion mechanism. The activation enthalpy (,~ 400 kJ mo1-1 ) for the densification process has been measured over the range of 1050 to 1200 ~ No significant influence of the donor is observed on the densification of BaTiO3 until the late stages of sintering.

Spark Plasma Sintering Behavior of Nano‐Sized (Ba, Sr)TiO3 Powders: Determination of Sintering Parameters Yielding Nanostructured Ceramics

“…2 In addition, the densification rate is much faster in the SPS process than that observed in HP one. In our experiment, the BT powder, having an average particle size of 60-80 nm, was consolidated to a relative density of 97.5% at 9001C using a holding time of 2 min and a pressure of 50 MPa.…”

Demystifying the role of sintering additives with “complexion”

“…Sir Richard J. Brook performed early pioneering work on both microstructural evolution during sintering, and the optimization of processing and microstructures through the use of additives. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Prof. Brook's classic work on modeling pore-boundary interactions is a mainstay of sintering and grain growth textbooks. 17 Brook maps 17 have provided an easy and convenient way of visualizing a complex problem.…”

Influence of annealing temperature on Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 nanoparticles growth on multi-walled carbon nanotubes

“…Generally, the crystallization temperature is known to be directly related to the growth activation energy. The activation energy of PZT is lower than that of BTO (PZT: 179 kJ/mol [14], BTO: 506 kJ/mol [15]). Thus, the lower crystallization temperature of the PZT NPs might be caused by the low growth activation energy of PZT.…”