The kinematics of envenomation by the yellow stingray, Urobatis jamaicensis

Hughes, R L; Pedersen, Kristen; Huskey, Steve

doi:10.1007/s00435-018-0404-0

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The reasons for this hypothesis are the relatively low toxicity and low metabolic cost of the venom, the use of the sting on conspecific individuals, and observations that the sting is not used on attacking predators. Although defensive stingray barbs injure many people worldwide every year, it has been noted that when handling them, they generally sting very reluctantly [ 79 , 80 ]. The primary role of the relatively non-damaging venom may therefore be in social interactions.…”

Section: Evolving a Venom Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Ecology of Fish Venom: Adaptations and Consequences of Evolving a Venom System

Harris

Jenner

2019

Toxins

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Research on venomous animals has mainly focused on the molecular, biochemical, and pharmacological aspects of venom toxins. However, it is the relatively neglected broader study of evolutionary ecology that is crucial for understanding the biological relevance of venom systems. As fish have convergently evolved venom systems multiple times, it makes them ideal organisms to investigate the evolutionary ecology of venom on a broader scale. This review outlines what is known about how fish venom systems evolved as a result of natural enemy interactions and about the ecological consequences of evolving a venom system. This review will show how research on the evolutionary ecology of venom in fish can aid in understanding the evolutionary ecology of animal venoms more generally. Further, understanding these broad ecological questions can shed more light on the other areas of toxinology, with applications across multiple disciplinary fields.

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Section: Evolving a Venom Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Ecology of Fish Venom: Adaptations and Consequences of Evolving a Venom System

Harris

Jenner

2019

Toxins

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“…The spines in the dorsal and lateral region of P. motoro tail may also be an anti-predatory advantage. When benthic rays detect a threat, tail-side (horizontal or vertical) movements are employed to ward off the predator using the stinger as a primary weapon (Hughes et al 2018). In situations where the predator is not hit by the caudal sting, spines in the dorsal and ventral tail will increase the likelihood of predator's injuring, an additional defense mechanism against threats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Notes on the occurrence and gender-based morphological aspects of Potamotrygon motoro (Elasmobranchii: Potamotrygonidae) in the complex of the Viana lake system- Maranhão, Brazil

Rincon

Pereira

Santos

et al. 2020

Rev. Nordestina Biol.

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The Brazilian Amazonian coast, extending from Amapá to Maranhão states, is drained by a series of small to medium sized rivers of the Amazon basin. The Pindaré-Mearim is an isolated basin formed by the junction of the Pindaré and Mearim rivers at its lower portion. Along the Pindaré and Mearim rivers there is a single reported species of freshwater stingray identified as Potamotrygon motoro. Although specimens have been deposited in research institutions, most of these specimens have been captured on the Amazon basin and its direct tributaries or along the Panará-Paraguay river basin. Hence, there is a severe lack of information on the P. motoro of the Pindaré- Mearim river basin. Here we present new data regarding P. motoro general morphology, emphasizing the color variation, sexual dimorphism and notes on its biological aspects.

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Stingray spines embedded in the skull of a cobia

Huskey

2020

Ichthyol Res

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The kinematics of envenomation by the yellow stingray, Urobatis jamaicensis

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Evolutionary Ecology of Fish Venom: Adaptations and Consequences of Evolving a Venom System

Evolutionary Ecology of Fish Venom: Adaptations and Consequences of Evolving a Venom System

Notes on the occurrence and gender-based morphological aspects of Potamotrygon motoro (Elasmobranchii: Potamotrygonidae) in the complex of the Viana lake system- Maranhão, Brazil

Stingray spines embedded in the skull of a cobia

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