The kinematics and kinetics of turning: limb asymmetries associated with walking a circular path

Orendurff, Michael S.; Segal, Ava D.; Berge, Jocelyn S.; Flick, K. C.; Spanier, David; Klute, Glenn K.

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2004.12.008

Cited by 210 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Sedgeman et al [42] have shown that turning steps comprise 20 percent of all steps in household settings, and Glaister et al [9] have shown that turning steps comprise 35 to 50 percent of indoor steps during typical activities. Research has shown that turning is performed at slower speeds than walking straight [11] and that individuals tend to slow when passing Cumulative rest bout duration for all subjects: the length of time resting plotted against frequency (the number of occasions a particular rest duration was observed as a percentage of total rest bouts). Nonwalking behavior is defined as rest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many have focused on joint motions [1][2][3][4], moments, and powers using two-and threedimensional inverse dynamics approaches [5][6]. Straightahead, steady-state walking across a range of speeds comprises the vast majority of nondisabled human gait studies, although work has expanded into turning [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], obstacle avoidance [15][16][17][18], walk-to-run transitions [19][20][21], and even backward walking [22][23]. Human gait has been quite well described and is reasonably well understood, but there has been very limited research into how humans link steps together for functional community mobility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How humans walk: Bout duration, steps per bout, and rest duration

Orendurff¹

2008

JRRD

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Abstract-Much is known about human walking, but it is not known how walking is used during typical activities. Since improving walking ability is a key goal in many surgical, pharmacological, and physiotherapeutic interventions, understanding typical community mobility demands regarding the length of walking bouts, the number of sequential steps frequently performed, and the duration of common nonwalking (rest) behavior seems prudent. This study documents the gait of daily living in 10 nondisabled employed adults to define walking bout duration, sequential step counts, and length of rest periods over a 2-week period. Subjects wore a StepWatch™ Activity Monitor (OrthoCare Innovations; Mountlake Terrace, Washington) that counted steps in each 10-second time window. Custom code summed sequential steps, periods of walking behavior (bouts), and periods without steps (rest). Sixty percent of all walking bouts lasted just 30 seconds or less; a 2-minute walking bout was just 1 percent of total walking bouts. Forty percent of all walking bouts were less than 12 steps in a row, and 75 percent of all walking bouts were less than 40 steps in a row. Rest periods were predominantly very short, with half of all rests periods lasting 20 seconds or less. The community mobility demand for nondisabled employed adults appears to involve frequent short-duration walking behavior with low numbers of sequential steps strung together and many shortduration nonwalking (rest) behaviors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How humans walk: Bout duration, steps per bout, and rest duration

Orendurff¹

2008

JRRD

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261

222

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“…Predominate, although evidence in the literature that total ankle arthroplasty is more affected by these criteria than arthrodesis does not exist [20]. Total ankle arthroplasty seems [13] were used to evaluate clinical effect. Radiological data were used to evaluate the degenerative state of adjacent foot joints.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Clinical Effect of Ankle Arthrodesis and Total Ankle Arthroplasty for End-stage Ankle Arthritis

Xiaobing¹

2014

Clin Res Foot Ankle

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Objective: Arthrodesis as well as total ankle arthroplasty has been recently reported as an effective therapy for end-stage ankle arthritis. In this paper, we expand both surgical technique and retrospectively review our experience with evaluation of clinical effect of arthrodesis and total replacement for end-stage ankle arthritis.Methods: 14 patients after arthrodesis (A group) and 16 patients after total ankle arthroplasty (B group) for endstage osteoarthritis of the ankle joint were followed clinically and radiologically 5 years (range: 2.1-8.6) after surgery. To evaluate the outcome, a clinical scoring system (AOFAS, Kellgren and Lawrence) and by gait analysis (Vicon 612 System) were used. Results:The pre-and post-operative mean AOFAS score was 38.5 ± 2.3 and 74.3 ± 2.1 points in A group. The mean score was 38.1 ± 2.4 and 80.3 ± 2.2 points in B group, with statistical significance. Spatio-temporal parameters obtained with gait analysis showed a progressive recovery to normality. In A group, mean stride length normalized (%high) was 60.5 pre-op and exactly 70.5 both at 6 and 12 months; speed rose from 80.4 cm/s to 96.8 cm/s at 6 months and 99.1 cm/s at 12 months, In B group, mean stride length normalized (%high) was 62.6 pre-op and exactly 74.3 both at 6 and 12 months; speed rose from 81.5 cm/s to 97.9 cm/s at 6 months and 100 cm/s at 12 months. Both with statistical significance six patients in B group and three patients in A group showed radiological evidence of degeneration of the talonavicular joint and the subtalar joint. We noted only one case with degeneration of the calcaneocuboid joint in B group. Conclusion:Our study revealed arthrodesis as well as total ankle arthroplasty have been recently reported as an effective surgical technique for end-stage ankle arthritis.

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“…Recent studies have postulated that impairments in gait that persist after stroke, such as slow speed and spatial-temporal asymmetry [1][2], may limit the ability to adapt the gait pattern as required to mobilize safely in the community [3]. Turning and curved walking create a unique set of demands on the neural processes involved in the control of mediallateral (ML) stability and forward progression that are greater than the requirements for straight walking [4][5][6][7][8]. Given the significance of turning in everyday mobility [9][10], as well as the higher risk of falls and injuries while turning [11][12][13][14][15], it is surprising that there has been very little research to date on the capacity to adapt straight walking in ambulatory individuals with stroke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Curved walking imposes greater ML instability than straight walking [4][5][6][7] because the COP needs to shift toward the lateral edge of the inner foot [7,23]. People with stroke have impairments in the regulation of frontal plane stability, as indicated by a reduction in weight-shifting capacity while standing [24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromuscular control of curved walking in people with stroke: Case report

Chisholm¹,

Qaiser²,

Lam³

2015

J Rehabil Res Dev

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Abstract-People are required to adapt their basic walking pattern to turn and change directions safely for activities of daily living. This case study describes the changes in neuromuscular control among individuals with stroke on walking paths of different curvatures. Two men with hemiparetic stroke and one control subject walked along a straight, wide curved, and tight curved pathway while muscle activation of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius was recorded, along with the trajectory of the center of pressure (COP) during the single support phase. Balance, sensorimotor control, and functional ambulation were also evaluated. The subject with greater lower-limb sensorimotor impairment displayed a larger difference in the anterior-posterior COP displacement between limbs, which exacerbated as the path curvature increased. In addition, while the control subject demonstrated a lateral shift in the mediallateral COP position, this person was unable to adapt the COP position on the nonparetic side. The second participant with a stroke demonstrated better balance and lateral shifting of the COP position. Modulation of the COP trajectory is required to safely perform curved walking. Further study is required to confirm the role of stroke-related gait deficits in the ability to adapt to curved walking.

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The kinematics and kinetics of turning: limb asymmetries associated with walking a circular path

Cited by 210 publications

References 11 publications

How humans walk: Bout duration, steps per bout, and rest duration

How humans walk: Bout duration, steps per bout, and rest duration

Evaluation of Clinical Effect of Ankle Arthrodesis and Total Ankle Arthroplasty for End-stage Ankle Arthritis

Neuromuscular control of curved walking in people with stroke: Case report

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