The killing of macrophages by<i>Corynebacterium ulcerans</i>

Hacker, Elena; Ott, Lisa; Schulze-Luehrmann, Jan; Lührmann, Anja; Wiesmann, Veit; Wittenberg, Thomas; Burkovski, Andreas

doi:10.1080/21505594.2015.1125068

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…Death of cells may be induced by different mechanisms with apoptosis and necrosis being the most prominent. In fact, the two mechanisms were previously discussed in [18,19]. Necrosis is a degenerative phenomenon that follows irreversible injury where the cells may lose their membrane integrity at almost all stages of dying [23,24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Escape mechanisms of pathogenic corynebacteria with respect to host defense systems are generally not well understood. On the basis of preliminary experiments, induction of apoptosis and necrosis in human macrophages was suggested for C. diphtheriae strains [18], while induction of apoptosis was excluded for C. ulcerans [19]. However, the outcome of such experiments was critically dependent on the duration of infection and the number of pathogenic bacteria challenging the immune system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Induction of Necrosis in Human Macrophage Cell Lines by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans Strains Isolated from Fatal Cases of Systemic Infections

Weerasekera

Hahn

Herrmann

et al. 2019

IJMS

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When infecting a human host, Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans are able to impair macrophage maturation and induce cell death. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. As a framework for this project, a combination of fluorescence microscopy, cytotoxicity assays, live cell imaging, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting was applied to understand the pathogenicity of two Corynebacterium strains isolated from fatal cases of systemic infections. The results showed a clear cytotoxic effect of the bacteria. The observed survival of the pathogens in macrophages and, subsequent, necrotic lysis of cells may be mechanisms explaining dissemination of C. diphtheriae and C. ulcerans to distant organs in the body.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Necrosis in Human Macrophage Cell Lines by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans Strains Isolated from Fatal Cases of Systemic Infections

Weerasekera

Hahn

Herrmann

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…To avoid putative pitfalls due to problems with the segmentation of single bacteria, data were analyzed in two ways [17]. In the first approach, the area of all bacteria was analyzed on pixel level.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae macrophage interaction: Dispensability of corynomycolic acids for inhibition of phagolysosome maturation and identification of a new gene involved in synthesis of the corynomycolic acid layer

et al. 2017

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Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the causative agent of diphtheria, a toxin mediated disease of upper respiratory tract, which can be fatal. As a member of the CMNR group, C. diphtheriae is closely related to members of the genera Mycobacterium, Nocardia and Rhodococcus. Almost all members of these genera comprise an outer membrane layer of mycolic acids, which is assumed to influence host-pathogen interactions. In this study, three different C. diphtheriae strains were investigated in respect to their interaction with phagocytic murine and human cells and the invertebrate infection model Caenorhabditis elegans. Our results indicate that C. diphtheriae is able to delay phagolysosome maturation after internalization in murine and human cell lines. This effect is independent of the presence of mycolic acids, as one of the strains lacked corynomycolates. In addition, analyses of NF-κB induction revealed a mycolate-independent mechanism and hint to detrimental effects of the different strains tested on the phagocytic cells. Bioinformatics analyses carried out to elucidate the reason for the lack of mycolates in one of the strains led to the identification of a new gene involved in mycomembrane formation in C. diphtheriae.

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“…Based on these genome sequences and comparative genomics approaches, a number of putative virulence factors were annotated. Unfortunately, functional analyses are scarce, and up to now, a limited number of data concerning adhesion and invasion of epithelial cells, interaction with macrophages, fibrinogen, fibronectin and collagen binding, antimicrobial profiles, and arthritogenic potential of isolates were published [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. To get deeper insights into C. ulcerans physiology and pathology, proteome analyses were carried out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface and Extracellular Proteome of the Emerging Pathogen Corynebacterium ulcerans

et al. 2018

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Corynebacterium ulcerans is an emerging pathogen, which is increasingly recognized as an etiological agent of diphtheria, but can also evoke ulcers of the skin and systemic infections in humans. Besides man, the bacteria can colonize a wide variety of different animals, including cattle and pet animals, which might serve as a reservoir for human infections. In this study, surface-located proteins and the exoproteome of two Corynebacterium ulcerans strains were analyzed, since these may have key roles in the interaction of the pathogen with host cells. Strain 809 was isolated from a fatal case of human respiratory tract infection, while strain BR-AD22 was isolated from a nasal swap of an asymptomatic dog. While a very similar pattern of virulence factors was observed in the culture supernatant and surface protein fractions of the two strains, proteome analyses revealed a higher stability of 809 cells compared to strain BR-AD22. During exponential growth, 17% of encoded proteins of strain 809 were detectable in the medium, while 38% of the predicted proteins encoded by the BR-AD22 chromosome were found. Furthermore, the data indicate differential expression of phospholipase D and a cell wall-associated hydrolase, since these were only detected in strain BR-AD22.

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The killing of macrophages byCorynebacterium ulcerans

Cited by 14 publications

References 46 publications

Induction of Necrosis in Human Macrophage Cell Lines by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans Strains Isolated from Fatal Cases of Systemic Infections

Induction of Necrosis in Human Macrophage Cell Lines by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans Strains Isolated from Fatal Cases of Systemic Infections

Analysis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae macrophage interaction: Dispensability of corynomycolic acids for inhibition of phagolysosome maturation and identification of a new gene involved in synthesis of the corynomycolic acid layer

Surface and Extracellular Proteome of the Emerging Pathogen Corynebacterium ulcerans

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