The key roles of elongases and desaturases in mammalian fatty acid metabolism: Insights from transgenic mice

Guillou, Hervé; Zadravec, Damir; Martin, Pascal G.P.; Jacobsson, Anders

doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2009.12.002

Cited by 688 publications

(605 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…However, although only traces of ELOVL2 mRNA were detected in the AT of goats, the mRNA abundance of ELOVL5 did not differ between the AT and the liver (Figure 2). Thus, it can be speculated that part of the 22:5n-3 found in these sites (Figure 1) might be related to 20:5n-3 elongation via ELOVL5 protein activity (Miyazaki and Ntambi, 2008;Guillou et al, 2010). In addition, the absence of ELOVL2, responsible for the subsequent elongation of 22:5n-3 (Guillou et al, 2010), would also contribute to the appearance of this PUFA at higher levels in the AT of goats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of fish oil and additional starch on tissue fatty acid profile and lipogenic gene mRNA abundance in lactating goats fed a diet containing sunflower-seed oil

Toral

Bernard

Delavaud

et al. 2013

Animal

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In dairy cattle, diet supplementation with oils affects the lipid metabolism in body tissues via changes in the partitioning and deposition of fatty acids (FAs) and lipogenic gene expression; however, limited data are available in goats. Eight Alpine goats were fed a grassland hay diet supplemented with 90 g/day of sunflower-seed oil or 90 g/day of sunflower-seed oil and fish oil (2 : 1) plus additional starch. The goats were slaughtered on day 21 of the treatments and samples of the mammary secretory tissue, liver, omental and perirenal adipose tissues (ATs) were collected to characterise their FA composition and the mRNA abundance of lipogenic genes and transcription factors involved in their regulation, and to examine the impact of the diet composition on the same parameters. The results are in agreement with the specific physiological adaptation in the lipid metabolism of body tissues that is likely to occur during late lactation because of the coexistence of an active lipogenesis in the mammary secretory tissue and a significant anabolic activity in the ATs. These latter tissues were characterised by high concentrations of saturated FA and very low polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) levels. The content of PUFA was relatively higher in the mammary secretory tissue, in particular in the case of polyunsaturated C18. The highest PUFA contents were found in the liver, in accordance with the greater mRNA abundances of the genes that encode the necessary enzymes for very long-chain n-3 and n-6 PUFA synthesis. However, substantial differences between n-3 and n-6 pathways would most likely exist in the goat liver. Overall, differences in diet composition induced limited changes in the mRNA abundance of genes involved in lipid metabolism, and these were not associated with the few variations observed in tissue FA composition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of fish oil and additional starch on tissue fatty acid profile and lipogenic gene mRNA abundance in lactating goats fed a diet containing sunflower-seed oil

Toral

Bernard

Delavaud

et al. 2013

Animal

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“…SCD-1 is conserved among mammalian species. [17] It is modulated by dietary components: high levels of palmitoleic acid inhibit SCD-1 expression and activity, [3,6] while saturated fatty acids, sucrose, fructose, and alcohol are www.advancedsciencenews.com www.mnf-journal.com known inducers and activators of this enzyme. [18] SCD-1 activity has been estimated by the ratio of palmitoleic to palmitic acids (16:1n-7/16:0) in plasma.…”

Section: Palmitoleic Acid and The Role Of Scd In Metabolic Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Is Palmitoleic Acid a Plausible Nonpharmacological Strategy to Prevent or Control Chronic Metabolic and Inflammatory Disorders?

Souza

Vannice²,

Neto

et al. 2017

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Although dietary fatty acids can modulate metabolic and immune responses, the effects of palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7) remain unclear. Since this monounsaturated fatty acid is described as a lipokine, studies with cell culture and rodent models have suggested it enhances whole body insulin sensitivity, stimulates insulin secretion by β cells, increases hepatic fatty acid oxidation, improves the blood lipid profile, and alters macrophage differentiation. However, human studies report elevated blood levels of palmitoleic acid in people with obesity and metabolic syndrome. These findings might be reflection of the level or activity of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, which synthesizes palmitoleate and is enhanced in liver and adipose tissue of obese patients. The aim of this review is to describe the immune-metabolic effects of palmitoleic acid observed in cell culture, animal models, and humans to answer the question of whether palmitoleic acid is a plausible nonpharmacological strategy to prevent, control, or ameliorate chronic metabolic and inflammatory disorders. Despite the beneficial effects observed in cell culture and in animal studies, there are insufficient human intervention studies to fully understand the physiological effects of palmitoleic acid. Therefore, more human-based research is needed to identify whether palmitoleic acid meets the promising therapeutic potential suggested by the preclinical research.

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“…A significant proportion of fatty acids of dietary or endogenous origin undergo elongation by membranebound enzymes in the endoplasmic reticulum (Guillou et al 2010). The synthesis of LC-PUFA from C 20 substrates involves two consecutive elongation steps and a delta-6 desaturation step, followed by b-oxidation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ELOVL2 gene polymorphisms are associated with increases in plasma eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid proportions after fish oil supplement

et al. 2013

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Fish oil supplementation provides an inconsistent degree of protection from cardiovascular disease (CVD), which may be attributed to genetic variation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the elongation-ofvery-long-chain-fatty-acids-2 (ELOVL2) gene have been strongly associated with plasma proportions of n-3 longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). We investigated the effect of genotype interaction with fish oil dosage on plasma n-3 LC-PUFA proportions in a parallel doubleblind controlled trial, involving 367 subjects randomised to treatment with 0.45, 0.9 and 1.8 g/day eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (1.51:1) or olive oil placebo for 6 months. We genotyped 310 subjects for ELOVL2 gene SNPs rs3734398, rs2236212 and rs953413. At baseline, carriers of all minor alleles had lower proportions of plasma DHA than non-carriers (P = 0.021-0.030). Interaction between genotype and treatment was a significant determinant of plasma EPA (P \ 0.0001) and DHA (P = 0.004-0.032). After the 1.8 g/day dose, carriers of ELOVL2 SNP minor alleles had approximately 30 % higher proportions of EPA (P = 0.002-0.004) and 9 % higher DHA (P = 0.013-0.017) than non-carriers. Minor allele carriers could therefore particularly benefit from a high intake of EPA and DHA in maintaining high levels of plasma n-3 PUFA conducive to protection from CVD.

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The key roles of elongases and desaturases in mammalian fatty acid metabolism: Insights from transgenic mice

Cited by 688 publications

References 166 publications

Effects of fish oil and additional starch on tissue fatty acid profile and lipogenic gene mRNA abundance in lactating goats fed a diet containing sunflower-seed oil

Effects of fish oil and additional starch on tissue fatty acid profile and lipogenic gene mRNA abundance in lactating goats fed a diet containing sunflower-seed oil

Is Palmitoleic Acid a Plausible Nonpharmacological Strategy to Prevent or Control Chronic Metabolic and Inflammatory Disorders?

ELOVL2 gene polymorphisms are associated with increases in plasma eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid proportions after fish oil supplement

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