The key role of sex dependency on kidney citrate metabolism in the rat

Hörl, Walter H.; Echsel, E.; Hohenegger, M

doi:10.1007/bf01851530

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Bergmeyer [8] using microassays in 1-ml samples of deproteinized whole blood with the modifications previously described [9]. Serum triglycerides and cholesterol as well as the HDL.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Free Carnitine, Carnitine Esters and Lipids in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis

et al. 1986

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Serum free and esterified carnitine levels as well as lipids were investigated in patients undergoing regular hemodialysis (HD) treatment before and during 12 weeks of treatment with L-carnitine (1 g i.v.) at the end of each HD. The results were compared with those obtained in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD; n = 15) or intermittent peritoneal dialysis (IPD; n = 3) and healthy controls (CO; n = 20). In HD patients (n = 23) total carnitine (TC) was 49.9 ± 3.9 (CO: 46.0 ± 2.5; NS), free carnitine (FC) was 31.6 ± 2.8 (CO: 37.4 ± 1.3; p < 0.05), short-chain acylcarnitine (SCC) was 17.0 ± 1.8 (CO: 7.2 ± 0.9; p < 0.0001) and long-chain acylcarnitine (LCC) was 1.2 ± 0.2 μmol/l (CO: 0.6 ± 0.1; p < 0.05). FC was in the normal range in CAPD (35.6 ± 3.2) and IPD (44.5 ± 8.0 μmol/l) patients, whereas SCC (30.1 ± 3.5) and LCC (2.9 ± 0.2) levels were maximal elevated in IPD patients (11.8 ± 0.8 and 1.5 ± 0.2 on CAPD). Therefore, TC was higher in IPD than in CAPD patients (77.5 ± 5.0 vs. 49.0 ± 3.5 μmol/l). 12 weeks after L-carnitine supplementation in HD patients, TC was 313.9 ± 22.6, FC was 207.7 ± 12.4, SCC was 99.6 ± 12.1 and LCC was 7.1 ± 0.6 μmol/l. TC and FC were significantly lower in females compared with males. Total cholesterol and ketone bodies were normal, HDL cholesterol was significantly decreased before and after L-carnitine supplementation. On the other hand, a paradoxical rise in serum triglycerides was observed. Our data indicate abnormalities of free and esterified carnitine in HD, CAPD and IPD patients. The markedly elevated serum levels for TC, FC, SCC and LCC following L-carnitine therapy suggest limited carnitine utilization in chronic uremic patients.

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“…Bergmeyer [8] using microassays in 1-ml samples of deproteinized whole blood with the modifications previously described [9]. Serum triglycerides and cholesterol as well as the HDL.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Free Carnitine, Carnitine Esters and Lipids in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis

et al. 1986

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“…Both female humans and rats excrete more citrate than males overall [34], [35], [36], which may confer some protection against nephrolithiasis in females [37]. Assuming that our sample was representative within our defined age categories, our results might indicate periodic endogenous or dietary changes in relative citrate protection between the sexes depending on age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Effects of Sex on Intra-Individual Variance in Urinary Solutes in Stone-Formers Collected from a Single Clinical Laboratory

2013

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Background/AimsOur work in a rodent model of urinary calcium suggests genetic and gender effects on increased residual variability in urine chemistries. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that sex would similarly be associated with residual variation in human urine solutes. Sex-related effects on residuals might affect the establishment of physiological baselines and error in medical assays.MethodsWe tested the effects of sex on residual variation in urine chemistry by estimating coefficients of variation (CV) for urinary solutes in paired sequential 24-h urines (≤72 hour interval) in 6,758 females and 9,024 males aged 16–80 submitted to a clinical laboratory.ResultsFemales had higher CVs than males for urinary phosphorus overall at the False Discovery Rate (P<0.01). There was no effect of sex on CV for calcium (P>0.3). Males had higher CVs for citrate (P<0.01) from ages 16–45 and females higher CVs for citrate (P<0.01) from ages 56–80, suggesting effects of an extant oestral cycle on residual variance.ConclusionsOur findings indicate the effects of sex on residual variance of the excretion of urinary solutes including phosphorus and citrate; differences in CV by sex might reflect dietary lability, differences in the fidelity of reporting or genetic differentiation in renal solute consistency. Such an effect could complicate medical analysis by the addition of random error to phenotypic assays. Renal analysis might require explicit incorporation of heterogeneity among factorial effects, and for sex in particular.

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“…Blood lactate, pyruvate, citrate, oxoglutarate, acetoaeetate, and ~3-hydroxybutyrate levels were measured enzymatically using modified microassays in 500 lxl samples of deproteinized (5% perchloric acid) whole blood [11]. Serum glucose, urea, and creatinine were determined by routine methods (Hitachi 737, Behring, FRG).…”

Section: Analytical Methods and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cyclosporin A on carbohydrate metabolism in the rat

Riegel¹,

Brehmer²,

Thaiss³

et al. 1989

Transplant Int

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Liver and kidney carbohydrate metabolism was investigated in rats treated with daily doses of 15 mg/kg body weight cyclosporin A (CyA) for 2 and 8 weeks or of 50 mg/kg body weight CyA for 2 weeks. The higher dosage caused significantly reduced liver glycogen and liver glycogen synthetase activity (of both active I-form and total enzyme activity), whereas the activity of the glycogen-degrading enzyme phosphorylase (active a-form and total activity) remained unchanged. Plasma glucose and glucagon levels, as well as blood ketone bodies of these animals, increased significantly and plasma insulin decreased. In contrast, kidney glycogen and glucose content were higher in rats treated with 50 mg CyA, probably due to enhanced ketone body utilization. Reduced liver glycogen synthetase activity was also found in rats treated with 15 mg CyA. Our data suggest that hypoinsulinemia, induced by CyA, might be a contributing factor to the hyperglycemia, which is mainly due to inhibition of liver glycogen synthesis.

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The key role of sex dependency on kidney citrate metabolism in the rat

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Serum Free Carnitine, Carnitine Esters and Lipids in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis

Serum Free Carnitine, Carnitine Esters and Lipids in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis

Effects of Sex on Intra-Individual Variance in Urinary Solutes in Stone-Formers Collected from a Single Clinical Laboratory

Effect of cyclosporin A on carbohydrate metabolism in the rat

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