The Key Proteins of Dopaminergic Neurotransmission of Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes: Changed mRNA Level in Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

Тараскина, А. Е.; Grunina, M.N.; Zabotina, A. M.; Насырова, Р. Ф.; Иванов, М. В.; Krupitsky, Evgeny

doi:10.1007/s10517-015-3147-7

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…As such, it has been proposed that DA plays a key role in mediating a neuroimmune link ( 12 , 13 ), and that peripheral DA receptor expression may be a biomarker for CNS DA function ( 14 , 15 ). Consistent with the hypothesis that changes in CNS DA function affect peripheral DA receptor expression, changes in D2-like receptor expression on lymphocytes have been reported in opioid addicts ( 16 ) and in alcohol dependence ( 17 ). Further, increased D2R expression on lymphocytes has been reported in Parkinson’s disease ( 18 ).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Peripheral Dopamine in Restless Legs Syndrome

et al. 2018

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Objective/BackgroundRestless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a dopamine-dependent disorder characterized by a strong urge to move. The objective of this study was to evalulate blood levels of dopamine and other catecholamines and blood D2-subtype dopamine receptors (D2Rs) in RLS.Patients/MethodsDopamine levels in blood samples from age-matched unmedicated RLS subjects, medicated RLS subjects and Controls were evaluated with high performance liquid chromatography and dopamine D2R white blood cell (WBC) expression levels were determined with fluorescence-activated cell sorting and immunocytochemistry.ResultsBlood plasma dopamine levels, but not norepinepherine or epinephrine levels, were significantly increased in medicated RLS subjects vs unmedicated RLS subjects and Controls. The percentage of lymphocytes and monocytes expressing D2Rs differed between Control, RLS medicated and RLS unmedicated subjects. Total D2R expression in lymphocytes, but not monocytes, differed between Control, RLS medicated and RLS unmedicated subjects. D2Rs in lymphocytes, but not monocytes, were sensitive to dopamine in Controls only.ConclusionDownregulation of WBCs D2Rs occurs in RLS. This downregulation is not reversed by medication, although commonly used RLS medications increase plasma dopamine levels. The insensitivity of monocytes to dopamine levels, but their downregulation in RLS, may reflect their utility as a biomarker for RLS and perhaps brain dopamine homeostasis.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Peripheral Dopamine in Restless Legs Syndrome

et al. 2018

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“…For instance, in patients who suffer from alcohol dependence, DRD1 mRNA levels in lymphocytes are higher compared with healthy controls [ 136 ]. Other studies have demonstrated that in alcohol dependence syndrome patients, DRD4 is upregulated in peripheral lymphocytes versus a control group [ 135 ].…”

Section: Clinical Implications Of the Effects On The Dopaminergic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Effects Mediated by Dopamine

Arreola

Álvarez-Herrera

Pérez‐Sánchez

et al. 2016

Journal of Immunology Research

100

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Dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), has modulatory functions at the systemic level. The peripheral and central nervous systems have independent dopaminergic system (DAS) that share mechanisms and molecular machinery. In the past century, experimental evidence has accumulated on the proteins knowledge that is involved in the synthesis, reuptake, and transportation of DA in leukocytes and the differential expression of the D1-like (D1R and D5R) and D2-like receptors (D2R, D3R, and D4R). The expression of these components depends on the state of cellular activation and the concentration and time of exposure to DA. Receptors that are expressed in leukocytes are linked to signaling pathways that are mediated by changes in cAMP concentration, which in turn triggers changes in phenotype and cellular function. According to the leukocyte lineage, the effects of DA are associated with such processes as respiratory burst, cytokine and antibody secretion, chemotaxis, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity. In clinical conditions such as schizophrenia, Parkinson disease, Tourette syndrome, and multiple sclerosis (MS), there are evident alterations during immune responses in leukocytes, in which changes in DA receptor density have been observed. Several groups have proposed that these findings are useful in establishing clinical status and clinical markers.

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