The key mechanical problems on hydraulic fracture in shale

Zhuang, Zhuo; Liu, Zhanli; Wang, Tao; Gao, Yue; Wang, Yonghui; Fu, Haifeng

doi:10.1360/n972015-00347

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Gordeliy and Peirce (2013) proposed an implicit level set method to describe the behavior of the fracture tip. Zhuang et al (2016) developed two-dimensional and threedimensional (3D) fracture simulation methods for solids. They also investigated the interactions between hydraulic fractures and natural fractures by developing a new level set model.…”

Section: Reservoir Numerical Simulation Methods Of Shale Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and challenges in shale oil development: A critical review

Feng¹,

Xu²,

Xing³

et al. 2020

Adv. Geo-Energy Res.

134

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Section: Reservoir Numerical Simulation Methods Of Shale Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and challenges in shale oil development: A critical review

Feng¹,

Xu²,

Xing³

et al. 2020

Adv. Geo-Energy Res.

134

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“…Since shale gas reservoirs are mostly dense porous media with low porosity and ultra-low permeability, conventional natural gas extraction methods cannot achieve commercial exploitation of shale gas. Therefore, hydraulic fracturing technology is often used to artificially fracture shale reservoirs to form more fracture networks in the reservoirs [3,4], thus increasing the transport channels for shale gas seepage. The pore structure and seepage capacity of shale are both highly stress sensitive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pore structure and seepage capacity of shale are both highly stress sensitive. As part of the shale gas exploitation process, changes in stress will lead to changes in shale reservoir and matrix volume, which in turn will cause changes in matrix permeability, influencing the effect of hydraulic fracturing and shale gas production [4][5][6]. Due to the complexity of shale reservoirs, such changes in volume data are usually not directly available but can be estimated by matrix compressibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matrix Compressibility and Its Controlling Factors of the Marine Shale Gas Reservoir: A Case Study of the Ning228 Well in the Southwest Sichuan Basin, China

et al. 2023

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Exploring the compressibility of the deeply buried marine shale matrix and its controlling factors can help achieve efficient petroleum production. Taking ten sets of deeply buried marine shale core samples from Ning228 wells in the Yanjin area as an example, the matrix compressibility and pore characteristics of deeply buried marine shale reservoirs were investigated by applying mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms at a low temperature of 77 K. Mathematical models (based on MIP and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms) were established to analyze the effects of TOC, mineral components, and pore structure on matrix compressibility. The relationship between the compressibility coefficient and the brittleness index was also established. The results show that the compressibility of the shale matrix is significant when the mercury injection pressure ranges from 8.66 to 37 MPa. For deeply buried marine shale, the matrix compressibility is in the range of 0.23 × 10−4–22.03 × 10−4 MPa−1. The influence of TOC and minerals on matrix compressibility is mainly reflected in the control effect of pore structure. High TOC content decreases the overall shale elastic modulus, and high clay mineral content enhances shale stress sensitivity, resulting in a significant matrix compressibility effect. For the effect of pore structure on compressibility, the pore content in shale has a positive effect on matrix compressibility. In addition, the pore-specific surface area is critical to the effective variation of shale matrix compressibility, indicating that the complexity of the shale pore structure is a key factor affecting matrix compressibility.

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“…The macro-mechanics experiment has some problems, such as large sample size, time consuming and low interpretation accuracy [2]. The method of establishing fracture prediction model by logging interpretation with downhole instruments is still limited by downhole construction [3]. It is of scientific significance and practical value to acquire shale fracture characteristics in time at the early stage of development, which can effectively control wellbore instability and hydraulic fracturing in the construction process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Micro-Indentation Technology to Estimate Fracture Toughness of Shale

Han

Wang

et al. 2020

Materials

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The fracture toughness of shale is a basic parameter that can provide effective theoretical support for wellbore stability and hydraulic fracturing of a shale reservoir. Due to the composition and microstructure, there are many problems in evaluating the mechanical properties of shale in a macroscopic test. In this paper, the composition and pore distribution of shale were studied by X-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the pore structure. The setting of experimental parameters and the selection of the indenter were discussed. Micro-indentation technique was proposed and applied to fracture toughness analysis of shale. The results show that Berkovich indenter is more suitable for shale indentation test than Vickers indenter. Fracture toughness of shale indentation is obviously affected by surface roughness and indentation position. Fracture toughness of shale decreases slightly with the increase of the indentation load. The energy analysis result presents that the effect of cracking on the ratio of total/unloading work is minimal when there is no significant stripping on the shale surface. Compared with the experimental method, energy methods can obtain all the analysis parameters from a single indentation test. The results of comparative analysis with macroscopic experiments display that micro-indentation test can effectively predict the macroscopic fracture toughness of shale.

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The key mechanical problems on hydraulic fracture in shale

Abstract: Hydraulic fracture simulation based on hydro-mechanical coupled element partition method SCIENTIA SINICA Technologica 49, 716 (2019); Several key problems of modern mechanics in shale gas exploitation

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Advances and challenges in shale oil development: A critical review

Advances and challenges in shale oil development: A critical review

Matrix Compressibility and Its Controlling Factors of the Marine Shale Gas Reservoir: A Case Study of the Ning228 Well in the Southwest Sichuan Basin, China

Applications of Micro-Indentation Technology to Estimate Fracture Toughness of Shale

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