The Karst Systems of Florida

Upchurch, Sam B.; Scott, Thomas; Alfieri, Michael C.; Fratesi, Beth; Dobecki, Thomas L.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69635-5

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…It includes one ASR well for injection and two monitoring wells at a distance of 30.5 and 152.4 m from the injection well . The storage zone extends between a depth of 318.5 and 362.7 m, therefore coinciding with the Eocene Avon Park Formation of the Lower Floridan Aquifer in the Floridan Aquifer System. − This formation was deposited under cyclic shallow open marine to tidal-flat conditions with sometimes restricted seawater circulation and arid climate. − In Orange County, the formation is dominated by dolomite and dolomitic wackestones that consist of dolomite, calcite, trace amounts of clay, natural OM, and pyrite in the form of framboids and euhedral crystals. , The dolomitization took place during the middle Eocene by normal to hypersaline seawater. , Gilboy described the occurrence of salt marsh and swamp deposits of peat and carbonaceous material in the Avon Park Formation. Sediment samples were collected from core W-18722 at the Core and Cuttings Repository of the Florida Geological Survey in Tallahassee (Florida).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…36 The storage zone extends between a depth of 318.5 and 362.7 m, therefore coinciding with the Eocene Avon Park Formation of the Lower Floridan Aquifer in the Floridan Aquifer System. 36 − 38 This formation was deposited under cyclic shallow open marine to tidal-flat conditions with sometimes restricted seawater circulation and arid climate. 39 − 41 In Orange County, the formation is dominated by dolomite and dolomitic wackestones that consist of dolomite, calcite, trace amounts of clay, natural OM, and pyrite in the form of framboids and euhedral crystals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molybdenum Release Triggered by Dolomite Dissolution: Experimental Evidence and Conceptual Model

Koopmann

Prommer

Pichler

2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The injection of oxygenated water into anoxic aquifers during managed aquifer recharge (MAR) can cause the mobilization of metal(loid)s. Here, we study the processes controlling MAR-induced molybdenum (Mo) release in dolomitic aquifers. Sequential chemical extractions and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy combined with scanning electron microscopy point to an association of Mo with easily soluble sulfurized organic matter present in intercrystalline spaces of dolomites or directly incorporated within dolomite crystals. The easily soluble character was confirmed by a batch experiment that demonstrated the rapid mobilization of Mo, dissolved organic carbon, and sulfur. The type and time of batch solution contact with the sulfurized organic matter impacted the release of Mo, as demonstrated by a 36% increase in Mo concentrations when shaking was intensified. Based on the experimental results, a conceptual model for the release of Mo was formulated, where (i) the injection of oxygenated water causes the oxidation of pyrite in the aquifer matrix, and (ii) the associated release of protons (H + ) induces the dissolution of dolomite as a buffering reaction, which (iii) enhances the accessibility of the injectant to intercrystalline and incorporated sulfurized organic matter within dolomite, causing the release of Mo.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molybdenum Release Triggered by Dolomite Dissolution: Experimental Evidence and Conceptual Model

Koopmann

Prommer

Pichler

2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…At SI = 0, the solution is in equilibrium with respect to the solid phase, whereas SI > 0 indicates oversaturation and SI < 0 indicates undersaturation. However, due to analytical and thermodynamic uncertainties, equilibrium conditions are assumed at SI values −0.5 ≥ SI ≤ +0.5 [73][74][75]. Figure 2) suggesting autogenous sorption of SRP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Inactivation in Lake Sediments Using Calcite Materials and Controlled Resuspension—Mechanism and Efficiency

et al. 2020

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The efficiency and mechanism of orthophosphate—soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP)—inactivation in eutrophic lakes using controlled resuspension and calcite application into the sediment were investigated in this study. Two calcite materials, industrially produced precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) and natural ground limestone (GCC), were tested in short-term batch experiments and long-term sediment incubations under oxic and anoxic conditions. Maximum SRP adsorption capacity calculated using Langmuir model for PCC (3.11 mg PO43− g−1) was 6 times higher than of GCC (0.43 mg PO43− g−1), reflecting substantial difference in the surface area of calcite materials (12.36 and 1.72 m2 g−1, respectively). PCC applied into the sediment during controlled resuspension reduced SRP release by 95% (oxic) and 78% (anoxic incubation) at medium dose (0.75 kg m−2) and suppressed it completely at high dose (1.5 kg m−2) for at least 3 months, irrespectively of incubation conditions. The maximum achieved reduction of SRP release using GCC was also meaningful: 78% under oxic and 56% under anoxic conditions, but this required very high doses of this material (6 kg m−2). Mechanisms of SRP inactivation by calcites were: (1) adsorption of SRP during application into the resuspended sediment and (2) precipitation of calcium-phosphate compounds (Ca-PO4) during subsequent incubation, which was reflected in a substantial increase in the HCl-P fraction (phosphorus extractable in 0.5 M HCl) in sediments enriched with calcite, irrespectively of oxygen presence. However, anoxia strongly promoted the formation of this fraction: the rise of HCl-P was 2–6 times higher in anoxic than in oxic conditions, depending on the dose and form of calcite applied. The results showed that SRP inactivation using the controlled resuspension method is only successful if highly efficient reactive materials are used, due to large amount of SRP being released from sediment during resuspension. Thus, calcite materials exhibiting high adsorption capacity should be used in this lakes’ restoration technology to ensure fast and sufficient SRP inactivation. The rise in the HCl-P fraction in sediment suggests SRP inactivation through precipitation of relatively stable Ca-PO4 minerals, which makes calcite a suitable agent for sustainable, long term SRP inactivation. As anoxic conditions promoted formation of these compounds, calcite seems to be a promising SRP inactivation agent in highly reductive sediments.

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“…The UFA receives most recharge in regions where it is unconfined (Miller, 1990; L. J. Williams & Kuniansky, 2016), specifically as allogenic recharge directly through swallets (i.e., sinking streams) at the boundary separating confined and unconfined parts of the aquifer called the Cody Scarp (Upchurch et al., 2019). Groundwater flows in both primary (matrix) and secondary (fractures and conduits) porosity (Vacher & Mylroie, 2002), although dominant flow occurs within the secondary porosity (Worthington et al., 2000).…”

Section: Field Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Seismic Noise Tomography Within the Floridan Aquifer System, Santa Fe River‐Sink Rise, Florida, US

Gochenour,

Bilek,

Woo

et al. 2024

JGR Solid Earth

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This study utilized ambient seismic noise tomography to investigate correlations of hydrogeological systems with heterogeneous porosity with the internal velocity structure of karst aquifers using the Floridan Aquifer System (FAS) as an example. We conducted a seismic signal analysis with 30 days of vertical component seismic data acquired within the Santa Fe River Sink‐Rise system (Sink‐Rise System), using power spectral density estimates and frequency‐wavenumber analysis to identify any noise source biases. Empirical Green's functions were derived through phase cross‐correlations and phase‐weighted stacking. The functions allowed extraction of group velocity dispersion measurements, which were inverted to generate 2D tomographic images at various periods. Tomographic images show multiple layers with varying group velocities that aligned with known hydrogeological features of the FAS, including its base, low‐porosity and low‐permeability dolostone semiconfining units characterized by elevated velocities, and zones of elevated porosity from karstification with reduced seismic velocities. Our results show how ambient seismic noise can be used to evaluate aquifer physical properties, identify unknown features, and identify the location and continuity of aquifer units.

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The Karst Systems of Florida

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Molybdenum Release Triggered by Dolomite Dissolution: Experimental Evidence and Conceptual Model

Molybdenum Release Triggered by Dolomite Dissolution: Experimental Evidence and Conceptual Model

Phosphorus Inactivation in Lake Sediments Using Calcite Materials and Controlled Resuspension—Mechanism and Efficiency

Ambient Seismic Noise Tomography Within the Floridan Aquifer System, Santa Fe River‐Sink Rise, Florida, US

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