The Journals of Bronson Alcott

Hamilton, Raphael N.

doi:10.5840/thought193914387

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Bloch & Schrafl [1932], Davis, Boynton, Ferguson & Rothman [1945] and Wheeler, Cawley & Curtis [1953] have worked on the effect of oestrogen on pigmentation in the guinea-pig, and Hamilton [1939] and Davis et al [1945] on pigmentation in women. The results from all these investigations indicate that oestrogen, whether applied locally or systemically, is capable of increasing skin pigmentation.…”

Section: Effect Of Progesterone On Melanocytes and Melanin In Ovariecmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of the Effect of Ovariectomy, Oestrogen and Progesterone on the Melanocytes and Melanin in the Skin of the Female Guinea-Pig

Bischitz¹,

Snell²

1960

Journal of Endocrinology

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1. The effects of ovariectomy, oestrogen and progesterone on the melanocytes and melanin in the skin of the ear, anterior abdominal wall, areola, and sole of foot have been studied in pure black and pure red guinea-pigs.2. Following ovariectomy the melanin content of the melanocytes was reduced and many of the melanocytes became smaller in size and had shortened dendritic processes. Some melanocytes had a deformed appearance, which varied from a minor irregularity of the cell contour to an advanced degree of cell collapse with fragmentation of the dendritic processes. A significant reduction of the melanocyte count occurred only in the areola, and this was accompanied by a reduction in the amount of free melanin.3. In the ovariectomized animals which received oestrogen the amount of melanin was increased both inside and outside the melanocytes in all the regions. The greatest increase occurred in the areola where it was mainly due to a large increase of free melanin. In the nonsexual skin areas there was a smaller increase of free melanin but a greater increase in melanin within the melanocytes. No statistically significant changes in the counts were produced in any of the skin regions. 4. In the ovariectomized animals which received progesterone the amount and depth of colour of the melanin increased both within and outside the melanocytes and this was most marked in the ear. No statistically significant changes in the counts were produced in any of the skin regions. The general effect produced by progesterone was found to be less than that which occurred after oestrogen.Numerous workers have reported that oestrogens can stimulate melanogenesis in the skin in a wide variety of species. Little work, however, has been done on the influence of progesterone on this process, and it would appear from a review of the literature that the effect of ovariectomy on melanogenesis in animals has never been investigated. Many of the observations on the influence of the female sex hormones on pigment formation have been macroscopic only and microscopical studies have been confined to vertical skin sections. Vertical sections have the disadvantage that accurate melanocyte counts are impossible and that the appearances of the melano¬ cytes cannot be adequately demonstrated. The present paper describes a histochemical investigation into the appearances of the melanocytes in the skin of the female guinea-pig following ovariectomy and administration of oestrogen or proge¬ sterone, using both skin sheets and vertical sections. It 'was hoped to establish

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Section: Effect Of Progesterone On Melanocytes and Melanin In Ovariecmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of the Effect of Ovariectomy, Oestrogen and Progesterone on the Melanocytes and Melanin in the Skin of the Female Guinea-Pig

Bischitz¹,

Snell²

1960

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…It is known from earlier work that injections of oestrogens in guinea-pigs and humans induced hyperpigmentation of the nipples [Lipschutz & Merino, 1932 ;Watrin, 1934;Hamilton, 1939;Lisser, 1940;Davis & Boynton, 1941;Byron & Katzen, 1941]. Local application of oestrone and stilboestrol was also shown to cause hyperpigmentation of the nipples in male guinea-pigs [Fierz, 1939].…”

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confidence: 95%

The Influence of Testosterone Propionate on Pigmentation of the Mammary Nipples in Female Mice

Flaks¹

1946

Journal of Endocrinology

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In recent experiments on the influence of testosterone propionate on tumours induced by carcinogens, a striking pigmentation of the mammary nipples in female mice of several strains was observed. The nipples were easily visible against the brighter background of the abdominal coat, while they were hardly noticeable in the untreated mice of the same strains. In previous experiments [Flaks & Ber, 1938, 1939a, in which albino mice were treated with very large doses of testosterone propionate, these changes were not noticed, although the mice were maintained for a period of nearly 12 months.It is known from earlier work that injections of oestrogens in guinea-pigs and humans induced hyperpigmentation of the nipples [Lipschutz ]. Local application of oestrone and stilboestrol was also shown to cause hyperpigmentation of the nipples in male guinea-pigs [Fierz, 1939].The influence of androgens on pigmentation was reported by Hamilton & Hubert [1938]: the skin in castrated men, which is generally pale, became darker after treat¬ ment with androgenic hormones. Edwards, Hamilton, Duntley & Hubert [1941] found that the melanin content of the skin in eunuchs is subnormal. Treatment with androgens resulted in an increase of the pigment. Forbes [1942] described hair cha ages and pigmentation of the mammary nipples in rats with implanted pellets of sex hormones. In these experiments a number of oestrogens and androgens were employed. All the oestrogens, but only androsterone among the androgens, caused a partial pigmentation of the fur of albino rats and alopecia in dark grey-brown rats.Testosterone propionate and dipropionate, and androsterone, did not induce pigmenta¬ tion of the nipples. In addition, a few rats of the albino and dark grey-brown strains with diethylstilboestrolmethyl-ether pellets showed either black pigmentation of the capsule around the pellet or similar changes in the male mammary gland. Kirshbaum & Pfeiffer [1941] showed that local application of testosterone propionate induced deposition of melanin in the bill of the sparrow. MATERIAL AND METHODSOne hundred and eighty mice of four strains were employed in the experiments: CBA-black agouti, C3H-dark grey-brown, Strong -albino and mixed stock (black, brown and albino). All mice were virgins, about 3 months old, except two breeding C3H mice which were approximately 12 and 17 months old. Seventy mice were injected, under the skin of the abdomen, with a 2-5% solution of testosterone propionate in arachis oil. Each mouse received weekly injections of 6-25 mg. of * Bertram Parkinson Research Fellow.

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The Journals of Bronson Alcott

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

A Study of the Effect of Ovariectomy, Oestrogen and Progesterone on the Melanocytes and Melanin in the Skin of the Female Guinea-Pig

A Study of the Effect of Ovariectomy, Oestrogen and Progesterone on the Melanocytes and Melanin in the Skin of the Female Guinea-Pig

The Influence of Testosterone Propionate on Pigmentation of the Mammary Nipples in Female Mice

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