The Joint Polarization Experiment: Polarimetric Rainfall Measurements and Hydrometeor Classification

Ryzhkov, Alexander V.; Schuur, Terry J.; Burgess, Donald W.; Heinselman, Pamela L.; Giangrande, Scott; Zrnić, Dúsan S.

doi:10.1175/bams-86-6-809

Cited by 312 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It can also be sensitive if the actual D o distribution differs very substantially from what was assumed in deriving the power law. These two problems can be largely overcome if R is estimated using both K dp and Z dr (e.g., Ryzhkov et al 2005;Maki et al 2005).…”

Section: Overview Of 2d-video Disdrometer Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the U.S. National Weather Service is planning an upgrade of the WSR-88D S-band radar network for dual-polarization within approximately the next five years (Ryzhkov et al 2005). In Europe, MeteoFrance is actively engaged in evaluating C-band dual-polarized radar for their operational network (Parent du Chatelet et al 2003;Gourley et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rainfall Estimation from C-Band Polarimetric Radar in Okinawa, Japan: Comparisons with 2D-Video Disdrometer and 400 MHz Wind Profiler

Bringi

Thurai

Nakagawa

et al. 2006

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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This paper presents an inter-comparison of rainfall parameters (median volume diameter and rain rate) using C-band polarimetric radar, a 2D-video disdrometer and a 400 MHz profiler for the Baiu front event of 8-9 June 2005 in Okinawa, Japan. These instruments are part of the Okinawa Sub-Tropical Environment Remote Sensing Center, operated by the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT). The 2D-video disdrometer is used to derive the mean axis ratio of raindrops versus drop diameter, as well as the drop size distribution for the Baiu event. The data are then used to simulate various relations between polarimetric scattering parameters such as: specific attenuation ðA h Þ, and specific differential attenuation ðA dp Þ, versus specific differential phase ðK dp Þ which are required to correct the measured reflectivity at horizontal polarization ðZ h Þ, and the differential reflectivity ðZ dr Þ for rain attenuation. The 2D-video disdrometer data are also used to arrive at retrieval formulas for median volume diameter ðD o Þ from radar Z dr , and rain rate from radar K dp .The These inter-comparisons demonstrate the accuracy of C-band polarimetric radar to retrieve important rainfall parameters, as well as the accurate correction for rain attenuation using differential propagation phase.

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Section: Overview Of 2d-video Disdrometer Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall Estimation from C-Band Polarimetric Radar in Okinawa, Japan: Comparisons with 2D-Video Disdrometer and 400 MHz Wind Profiler

Bringi

Thurai

Nakagawa

et al. 2006

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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“…More recently, polarimetric techniques have been considered to overcome -among others -AP, clutter and beam blockage problems as described by Ryhzkov and Zrnic (1998), Illingworth (2003) or Ryhzkov et al (2005). Besides, other contributions oriented to hydrological modelling have merged radar data with raingauge observations making use of geostatistical techniques to clean ground clutter or AP echoes from radar images (see, for example, Todini, 2001;or Wesson and Pegram, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced radar precipitation estimates using a combined clutter and beam blockage correction technique

Fornasiero

Bech

Alberoni³

2006

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Weather radar observations are currently the most reliable method for remote sensing of precipitation. However, a number of factors affect the quality of radar observations and may limit seriously automated quantitative applications of radar precipitation estimates such as those required in Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) data assimilation or in hydrological models. In this paper, a technique to correct two different problems typically present in radar data is presented and evaluated. The aspects dealt with are non-precipitating echoes -caused either by permanent ground clutter or by anomalous propagation of the radar beam (anaprop echoes) -and also topographical beam blockage. The correction technique is based in the computation of realistic beam propagation trajectories based upon recent radiosonde observations instead of assuming standard radio propagation conditions. The correction consists of three different steps: 1) calculation of a Dynamic Elevation Map which provides the minimum clutter-free antenna elevation for each pixel within the radar coverage; 2) correction for residual anaprop, checking the vertical reflectivity gradients within the radar volume; and 3) topographical beam blockage estimation and correction using a geometric optics approach. The technique is evaluated with four case studies in the region of the Po Valley (N Italy) using a C-band Doppler radar and a network of raingauges providing hourly precipitation measurements. The case studies cover different seasons, different radio propagation conditions and also stratiform and convective precipitation type events. After applying the proposed correction, a comparison of the radar precipitation estimates with raingauges indicates a general reduction in both the root mean squared error and the fractional error variance indicating the efficiency and robustness of the proceCorrespondence to: P. P. Alberoni (palberoni@arpa.emr.it) dure. Moreover, the technique presented is not computationally expensive so it seems well suited to be implemented in an operational environment.

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“…The KOUN radar is an S-Band (λ=10.9 cm) dual-linearpolarization weather radar that simultaneously transmits vertically and horizontally-polarized radio waves. It has been used extensively for the development of methods to improve acquisition time, reduce range and velocity ambiguity (Sachidananda and Zrnic, 2006), identify polarimetric signatures in supercell thunderstorms (Kumjian and Ryzhkov, 2008;Ryzhkov et al, 2005b), and improve quantitative precipitation estimation during periods of intense rainfall (Ryzhkov et al, 2005a). The success of this radar has prompted the NOAA officials to upgrade the national WSR-88D network to include polarimetric capability (Saffle et al, 2007).…”

Section: Kounmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The value of ρ H V expresses the degree to which the average backscattered horizontal and vertical returns are correlated. The correlation coefficient is often used as a discriminator when classifying precipitation by type, e.g., liquid phase or frozen phase or when identifying sources of noise in dualpolarimetric radar data (Ryzhkov et al, 2005a).…”

Section: Kounmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microphysical retrievals from simultaneous polarimetric and profiling radar observations

et al. 2009

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Abstract. The character of precipitation detected at the surface is the final product of many microphysical interactions in the cloud above, the combined effects of which may be characterized by the observed drop size distribution (DSD). This necessitates accurate retrieval of the DSD from remote sensing data, especially radar as it offers large areal coverage, high spatial resolution, and rigorous quality control and testing. Combined instrument observations with a UHF wind profiler, an S-band polarimetric weather radar, and a video disdrometer are analyzed for two squall line events occuring during the calendar year 2007. UHF profiler Doppler velocity spectra are used to estimate the DSD aloft, and are complemented by DSDs retrieved from an exponential model applied to polarimetric data. Ground truth is provided by the disdrometer. A complicating factor in the retrieval from UHF profiler spectra is the presence of ambient air motion, which can be corrected using the method proposed by Teshiba et al. (2009), in which a comparison between idealized Doppler spectra calculated from the DSDs retrieved from KOUN and those retrieved from contaminated wind profiler spectra is performed. It is found that DSDs measured using the distrometer at the surface and estimated using the wind profiler and polarimetric weather radar generally showed good agreement. The DSD retrievals using the wind profiler were improved when the estimates of the vertical wind were included into the analysis, thus supporting the method of Teshiba et al. (2009). Furthermore, the the study presents a method of investigating the time and height structure of DSDs.

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The Joint Polarization Experiment: Polarimetric Rainfall Measurements and Hydrometeor Classification

Abstract: Advantages of a polarimetric prototype of the WSR-88D radar are confirmed during a demonstration project in Oklahoma.

Cited by 312 publications

References 18 publications

Rainfall Estimation from C-Band Polarimetric Radar in Okinawa, Japan: Comparisons with 2D-Video Disdrometer and 400 MHz Wind Profiler

Rainfall Estimation from C-Band Polarimetric Radar in Okinawa, Japan: Comparisons with 2D-Video Disdrometer and 400 MHz Wind Profiler

Enhanced radar precipitation estimates using a combined clutter and beam blockage correction technique

Microphysical retrievals from simultaneous polarimetric and profiling radar observations

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