The Johnson Intervention and Relapse During Outpatient Treatment

Loneck, Barry; Garrett, James; Banks, Steven M.

doi:10.3109/00952999609001665

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Some evidence has been published suggesting that informal pressures, ranging from encouragements to organized interventions to prompt treatment entry, are associated with higher rates of treatment completion relative to self-referred clients [69,72], as well as a greater likelihood of regular attendance at 12-step meetings and methadone treatment [74]. Further study has linked social network pressures to higher rates of abstinence relative to problem drinkers who are not confronted by their friends and family [70], but lower rates of abstinence relative to others in treatment [75]. The methodological quality of these studies is variable, however.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coerced addiction treatment: Client perspectives and the implications of their neglect

Urbanoski

2010

Harm Reduction Journal

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Recent work has criticized the evidence base for the effectiveness of addiction treatment under social controls and coercion, suggesting that the development of sound policies and treatment practices has been hampered by numerous limitations of the research conducted to date. Implicit assumptions of the effectiveness of coerced treatment are evident in the organization and evolution of treatment, legal, and social service systems, as well as in related legislative practices. This review builds upon previous work by focusing in greater detail on the potential value of incorporating client perspectives on coercion and the implications for interpreting and applying existing research findings. Reviewing the existing empirical and theoretical literature, a case is made for greater accuracy in representing coercive experiences and events in research, so as to better align the measured concepts with actual processes of treatment entry and admission. Attention is given to studies of the effectiveness of treatment under social controls or pressures, the connections to coercion and decision-making, and theoretical perspectives on motivation and behaviour change, including Self-Determination Theory in particular. This synthesis of the available research on coerced addiction treatment suggests that it remains largely unclear to what extent many of the commonly employed methods for getting people into treatment may be detrimental to the treatment process and longer-term outcomes. The impact of coercion upon individual clients, treatment systems, and population health has not been adequately dealt with by addiction researchers to date.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coerced addiction treatment: Client perspectives and the implications of their neglect

Urbanoski

2010

Harm Reduction Journal

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“…Also, one study (Loneck, Garrett, & Banks, 1996b) reported that clients who had entered treatment as the result of a confrontation were more likely to relapse than those who entered via other methods of referral. The second strategy has been used in several trials as a standard treatment comparison group using Al-Anon/Nar-Anon or Al-Anon/Nar-Anon Facilitation (ANF), which involves about 10–12 individually-delivered sessions that provide an introduction to Al-Anon/Nar-Anon concepts and active and consistent encouragement to engage in these widely available support groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) for Parents of Treatment-Resistant Adolescents

Kirby

Versek

Kerwin

et al. 2015

Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse

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We describe a project focused on training parents to facilitate their treatment-resistant adolescent’s treatment entry and to manage their child after entry into community-based treatment. Controlled studies show that Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) is a unilateral treatment that fosters treatment entry of adults; however, there are no controlled trials for parents with a substance-abusing child. We examined the behavioral parent training literature to guide us in tailoring CRAFT for parents of adolescents. We discuss adaptations to CRAFT, outcomes and experiences gained from a brief pilot of the revised CRAFT program, and the future directions of this work.

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“…Additionally, Loneck et al (1996) found that IWA's that had undergone a Johnson Intervention were more likely to relapse than any other referral group of IWA's, including those that had been given ultimatums by a professional body such as a court or employer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Models such as Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) and the Pressure to Change Approach focus on instructing family members on how to best encourage IWA's to attend treatment by teaching family members behavioral procedures to interact with the IWA (Barber and Crisp, 1995;Copello et al, 2005;Meyers et al, 2005). Other techniques, such as The Johnson Intervention, have the family focus directly on the damage the addiction has caused and the ultimatums they will enact if treatment is not sought (Loneck et al, 1996). The Johnson Intervention is the intervention most closely associated with the television series Intervention and up to 80% of IWA's who undergo a Johnson Intervention enter treatment (Loneck et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other techniques, such as The Johnson Intervention, have the family focus directly on the damage the addiction has caused and the ultimatums they will enact if treatment is not sought (Loneck et al, 1996). The Johnson Intervention is the intervention most closely associated with the television series Intervention and up to 80% of IWA's who undergo a Johnson Intervention enter treatment (Loneck et al, 1996). It is important to note that the primary goal of interventions such as CRAFT and The Johnson Intervention is to get the IWA into treatment (Meyers et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Path to Treatment: Does It Matter? Relapse and the Reason for Seeking Treatment

Cage¹

2010

Current Research in Psychology

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Problem statement: Substance abuse is difficult to treat and many of those who struggle with substance abuse do not see treatment as necessary. Moreover, relapse is common among those who receive treatment. Family and friends of Individuals With Addictions (IWAs) sometimes use ultimatums to encourage the IWA to enter treatment. What is less clear is whether IWAs are more likely to relapse if they enter treatment due to an ultimatum as opposed to entering by their own choice. Exploring how effective IWAs perceive ultimatums to be in facilitating sustained sobriety based on their own personal experiences may help shed light on the utility of treatment obtained under these coerced conditions. Approach: IWAs were contacted through on-line support groups to participate in an internet based study exploring their substance abuse history and experiences with ultimatums. Eighty-one IWAs completed an on-line questionnaire designed to solicit quantitative and qualitative responses developed for the present descriptive study. Results: Three-fourths of participating IWAs who sought treatment due to an ultimatum subsequently relapsed and current length of sobriety was not related to sobriety attempts resulting from ultimatums. However, individuals who identified crack/cocaine as their substance of choice perceived ultimatums as more helpful than individuals who identified alcohol as their substance of choice. Emergent coding revealed that nearly half of participating IWAs reported that there were no benefits to ultimatums and 40% of those with personal experience with ultimatums reported no personal benefits. Conclusion/Recommendations: Overall, IWAs do not perceive ultimatums to be effective and they are likely to relapse when seeking treatment due to an ultimatum, though some IWAs believed ultimatums had benefits, suggesting that ultimatums may be more helpful depending on the particular characteristics of the IWA. Study findings suggested a need to identify other ways significant others can support IWAs in sobriety.

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The Johnson Intervention and Relapse During Outpatient Treatment

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Coerced addiction treatment: Client perspectives and the implications of their neglect

Coerced addiction treatment: Client perspectives and the implications of their neglect

Developing Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) for Parents of Treatment-Resistant Adolescents

The Path to Treatment: Does It Matter? Relapse and the Reason for Seeking Treatment

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