The Jaombilo of Tamatave (Madagascar), 1992-2004: Reflections on Youth and Globalization

Cole, Jennifer

doi:10.1353/jsh.2005.0051

Cited by 53 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…(As noted earlier, however, women were excluded if they did not attain biological motherhood at some point in their lives). These findings stand in marked contrast to literature on young African men, for whom manhood and adulthood continue to be marked by the ability to financially provide (see Ashforth 1999; Cole 2005; Mojola 2014b). This inability can sometimes lead to their remaining in frustrating social limbo as ‘perpetual youth’, unable to become fully recognised as adults or respected men (ibid).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

‘Behaving well’: the transition to respectable womanhood in rural South Africa

Sennott

Mojola

2016

Culture, Health & Sexuality

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Few studies on the transition to adulthood in Africa analyse young people’s own definitions of the events that confer adult status, and how adulthood is actually attained. This paper examines the experience of transitioning to womanhood in rural Mpumalanga Province, South Africa, drawing on interviews with 18 women aged 18–39. Three primary experiences characterised this transition: puberty and emerging body awareness, spending time with boys, and having a child. More important than the timing of these experiences, however, was whether women ‘behaved well’ and maintained respectability as they transitioned to adulthood. Behavioural standards reinforcing ideal femininity were focused on dress, manner, and talk, and were particularly stringent for mothers. Our findings emphasise the value of emic models of adulthood for understanding how youth experience this transition and provide an important counter-narrative to the literature focused primarily on the risk African youth face during this period of change in the life course.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

‘Behaving well’: the transition to respectable womanhood in rural South Africa

Sennott

Mojola

2016

Culture, Health & Sexuality

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“…Having no land or limited land on which a wife could engage in subsistence farming or cattle from which to finance bridewealth greatly constrains young men’s ability to set up independent households and marry. Thus remaining “perpetually poor, perpetually youth” as Cole (2005:892) noted of the young Malagasy men (jaombilo) she studied, they are left, as it were, in social limbo, unable to transition to adulthood (Amuyunzu-Nyamongo and Francis 2006). The fact that these dilemmas have been documented in several African countries suggests the structural nature of the problem faced by young men and their inability to fulfill their end of the patriarchal bargain (Kandiyoti 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many felt there was “no romance without finance” (Mills and Ssewakiryanga 2005; Cornwall 2002; Ashforth 1999; Hunter 2002). A small and growing body of work suggests that some young men instead engaged in “transactional sex relationships” with older women or “sugar mummies” (Nyanzi et al 2001; 2004; Meekers and Calves 1997; Izugbara 2001; Owuamanam 1995; Cole 2005; Kuate-Defo 2004). These are non-marital, non-commercial sexual partnerships in which money and gifts are exchanged, but in which issues of love and trust are sometimes also considered at stake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Providing Women, Kept Men: Doing Masculinity in the Wake of the African HIV/AIDS Pandemic

Mojola

2014

Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society

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This paper draws on ethnographic and interview based fieldwork to explore accounts of intimate relationships between widowed women and poor young men that emerged in the wake of economic crisis and a devastating HIV epidemic among the Luo ethnic group in Western Kenya. I show how the cooptation of widow inheritance practices in the wake of an overwhelming number of widows as well as economic crisis resulted in widows becoming providing women and poor young men becoming kept men. I illustrate how widows in this setting, by performing a set of practices central to what it meant to be a man in this society – pursuing and providing for their partners - were effectively doing masculinity. I will also show how young men, rather than being feminized by being kept, deployed other sets of practices to prove their masculinity and live in a manner congruent with cultural ideals. I argue that ultimately, women’s practice of masculinity in large part seemed to serve patriarchal ends. It not only facilitated the fulfillment of patriarchal expectations of femininity – to being inherited – but also served, in the end, to provide a material base for young men’s deployment of legitimizing and culturally valued sets of masculine practice.

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“…For example, Behrend (2002) has looked at how young people use photography to create positive self-images in Kenya; Cole (2005) at the emergence of Jaombilo or pimps in Madagascar and what this says about relationships between young men and women; Gondola (1999) at the history of the Sapeurs ('fashionistas', flaneurs) in the Democratic Republic of Congo; and Weiss (2002) and Moyer (2005) at ways of managing youth violence on the street corners of urban Tanzania through, respectively, hip-hop music and religion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘From School to Adulthood’? Young People's Pathways Through Schooling in Urban Ethiopia

Camfield

2011

Eur J Dev Res

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This article presents a case study of a rapidly evolving urban community in Southern Ethiopia drawing on survey and qualitative data from Young Lives, a long-term international study of two cohorts of children growing up in poverty (born 1994-1995 and 2000-2001). It uses this to set visible changes in aspirations and experiences of schooling over time in their political and economic context. The article illustrates the value of mixed-methods approaches within international development research by juxtaposing individual and household level data, both survey and qualitative, with data collected through school-and community-based research. This enables analysis of processes of power and social change taking place in contemporary Ethiopia and reflected in changing attitudes towards education and employment. Finally, the chapter highlights the challenges for the Ethiopian education system in meeting children's aspirations, in the context of rapidly declining economic opportunities after leaving school.Cet article pre´sente une e´tude de cas d'une communaute´urbaine en É thiopie du sud caracte´rise´e par un changement rapide et constant. Cette e´tude s'appuie sur des donne´es qualitatives et d'enqueˆte tire´es de 'Young Lives', une e´tude internationale de long terme mene´es aupre`s de deux cohortes d'enfants grandissant dans des conditions de pauvrete´ (et ne´s en 1994-95 et en 2000-01). Sur la base de ces donne´es, ce travail situe dans leur contexte e´conomique et politique l'e´volution des aspirations et des ve´cus scolaires des enqueˆte´s. L'article illustre ainsi la valeur des me´thodes mixtes pour la recherche sur le de´veloppement, juxtaposant des donne´es de me´nages et d'individus a`la fois qualitatives et d'enqueˆte avec des donne´es tire´es de recherches sur les communaute´s et le syste´me scolaire. Ceci permet une analyse des processus de changements sociaux et de pouvoir se produisant dans l'É thiopie contemporaine, et qui se refle`tent en particulier dans l'e´volution de comportements vis-a`-vis de l'e´ducation et de l'emploi. Enfin, ce travail met en e´vidence les de´fis auxquels le syste`me e´ducatif e´thiopien est confronte´pour satisfaire aux aspirations des enfants, et ceci dans un contexte plus large d'une diminution rapide des opportunite´s e´conomiques pour les jeunes quittant l'e´cole.

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The Jaombilo of Tamatave (Madagascar), 1992-2004: Reflections on Youth and Globalization

Cited by 53 publications

References 27 publications

‘Behaving well’: the transition to respectable womanhood in rural South Africa

‘Behaving well’: the transition to respectable womanhood in rural South Africa

Providing Women, Kept Men: Doing Masculinity in the Wake of the African HIV/AIDS Pandemic

‘From School to Adulthood’? Young People's Pathways Through Schooling in Urban Ethiopia

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