The Janus face of the appropriability regime in the protection of innovations: Theoretical re-appraisal and empirical analysis

The dark side of knowledge transfer: Exploring knowledge leakage in joint R&D projects

“…If the appropriability regime is weak and (or) if key competitors are highly proficient in absorbing knowledge, then the focal firm runs a significant risk of losing critical knowledge through leakage (Hurmelinna-Laukkanen and Olander, 2014). The efficacy of the appropriability regime depends in part on the strength of institutional protection mechanisms such as formal protection for IP through patents and copyrights (Hurmelinna et al, 2007;Teece, 1986). However, the appropriability regime is not purely exogenous but may also be a product of a firm's strategy (Pisano, 2006).…”

Managerial learning and new product innovativeness in high-tech industries: Curvilinear effect and the role of multilevel institutional support

“…Management literature has long recognized that organizational phenomena unfold within complex environmental systems (e.g., Katz & Kahn, 1978;Scott, 1974), yet scholarship often ignores the multilevel dynamics of these environmental systems (Kozlowski & Klein, 2000). Rather than dealing with the complexities of multilevel systems, innovation studies have adopted a micro stance by emphasizing the link between firms' innovation strategies and individual-level environmental factors (e.g., Shipton, West, Parkes, Dawson, & Patterson, 2006), a meso stance by emphasizing the link with organization-level environmental factors (e.g., Dwyer & Mellor, 1991;Lau & Ngo, 2004), or a macro stance by emphasizing the link with national-level environmental factors (e.g., Hurmelinna, Kyläheiko, & Jauhiainen, 2007;Qian, 2007). As such, these studies yield an incomplete understanding of innovation behaviors occurring at all three levels.…”

Opening up new strategic options in the pulp and paper industry: Case biorefineries

“…To the extent that replication of these resources by others is problematic, it implies sustainable competitive advantage over the long (or at least intermediate) run. In other words, a firm must be able to develop isolating appropriability mechanisms such as tacitness and/or effective property rights in order to preserve the rent streams (Hurmelinna et al, 2007;Lockett et al, 2009;Peteraf, 1993).…”