The Italian “alcohol question” from 1860 to 1930: Two opposing scientific interpretations

Abstract

Financial support: The research leading to these results or outcomes has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no. 266813-Addictions and Lifestyle in Contemporary Europe-Reframing Addictions Project (ALICE RAP). Participant organisations in ALICE RAP can be seen at http://www.alicerap.eu/about-alice-rap/partners.html Declaration of interests: Enrico Petrilli has no conflicts of interest. Franca Beccaria is a member of the Scientific Laboratory of the Osservatorio Permanente sui Giovani e l'Alcool (Permanent Observatory on Youth and Alcohol) in Rome, an association which is mainly funded by the Italian Breweries Association. She receives no compensation for this work, though her expenses for one/two meeting/s per year are reimbursed. In 2012, she received an honorarium from ERAB (The European Foundation for Alcohol Research, an independent alcohol research foundation supported by The Brewers of Europe) for participating in a project entitled "Underage drinking: A report on drinking in the second decade of life in Europe and North America." ERAB also reimbursed her travelling costs for a meeting in Montreal and a meeting in Brussels. Together with the University of Torino (applicant) she received a grant from ERAB for a study entitled "Images of adolescent alcohol use and health in Italy: A study of teenagers' drinking and societal reactions to it" (2012)(2013)

Addiction: A highly successful, essentially contested concept

“…The terms can be found much earlier, and their variation is also a concern of the contemporary attempts for defining these problems. The genealogy of the addiction concept also has often posited addiction as a problem for the individual, but Petrilli and Beccaria (2015) show how, in the Italian scientific community of the late 1800s and early 1900s, alcoholism-Levine's test case-was not defined only as a problem of the individual but also as a social problem.…”

Διερεύνηση Των Ψυχοκοινωνικών Και Εκπαιδευτικών Χαρακτηριστικών Ανηλίκων Με Παραβατική Συμπεριφορά Και Προσδιορισμός Κριτηρίων Για Την Ανάπτυξη Ψυχοπαιδαγωγικής Παρέμβασης

“…Αναλυτικότερα, οι μεταβλητές που ενισχύουν την ανήλικη παραβατικότητα είναι τα ατομικά χαρακτηριστικά, οι εμπειρίες που βιώνει ο κάθε ανήλικος, αλλά και οι αξιακές συνθήκες της κοινωνίας (Κουράκης, 2004 όπως παρατίθεται στο Βλάσσης, 2009). (Παπαδάτος, 2003. Petrilli & Beccaria, 2015.…”