The Isolation of Ricinoleic Acid from Castor Oil by Salt‐solubility‐based Fractionation for the Biopharmaceutical Applications

Vaisman, Boris; Shikanov, Ariella; Domb, Abraham J.

doi:10.1007/s11746-007-1172-z

Cited by 29 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The FAs found to be present in CO are RA, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid and linolenic acid. Approximately 84–90% of the FAs is RA and 10–16% consists of the other FAs (table 4) [22,27,28,57,58]. The FA compositions varied only slightly from different countries.…”

Section: Chemical Composition and Structure Of Castor Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Castor oil: a suitable green source of capping agent for nanoparticle syntheses and facile surface functionalization

2018

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Castor oil (CO) is an inedible vegetable oil (VO) that has been employed extensively as a bioresource material for the synthesis of biodegradable polymers, cosmetics, lubricants, biofuels, coatings and adhesives. It is used in medicine, pharmaceuticals and biorefineries, due to its versatile chemistry. However, there has been less focus on CO as an alternative to toxic and expensive solvents, and capping/stabilizing agents routinely used in nanoparticle syntheses. It provides a richer chemistry than edible VOs as a solvent for green syntheses of nanoparticles. CO, being the only rich source of ricinoleic acid (RA), has been used as a solvent, co-solvent, stabilizing agent and polyol for the formation of polymer–nanoparticle composites. RA is a suitable alternative to oleic acid used as a capping and/or stabilizing agent. Unlike oleic acid, it provides a facile route to the functionalization of surfaces of nanoparticles and the coating of nanoparticles with polymers. For applications requiring more polar organic solvents, RA is more preferred than oleic acid. In this review, we discuss the production, chemical and physical properties, triglyceride and fatty acid (FA) compositions and applications of CO, focusing on the use of CO and RA as well as other VOs and FAs in syntheses of nanoparticles and surface functionalization.

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Section: Chemical Composition and Structure Of Castor Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Castor oil: a suitable green source of capping agent for nanoparticle syntheses and facile surface functionalization

2018

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“…Ricinoleic acid was extracted from castor oil using alkaline ethanol followed by neutralization with an acid . In brief, 50 g of dried castor oil and 200 mL of ethanol with 12 g of KOH were charged into a 500‐mL round‐bottom flask fitted with a water condenser and refluxed at 150°C for an hour.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive polymeric formulations for wound healing

Nada

Arul

Ramos

et al. 2018

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Ricinoleic acid (RA) has potential to promote wound healing because of its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of RA liposomes infused in a hydrogel for topical application. Lecithin liposomes containing RA were prepared and incorporated into a chitosan solution and were subsequently cross-linked with dialdehyde β-cyclodextrin (Di-β-CD). Chitosan/Di-β-CD concentrations and reaction temperatures were varied to alter gelation time, water content, and mechanical properties of the hydrogel in an effort to obtain a wide range of RA release profiles. Hydrogel cross-linking was confirmed by spectroscopy, and liposome and carrier hydrogel morphology via microscopy. Chitosan, Di-β-CD, and liposome concentrations within the formulation affected the extent of matrix swelling, mechanical strength, and pore and overall morphology. Higher cross-linking density of the hydrogel led to lower water uptake and slower release rate of RA. Optimized formulations resulted in a burst release of RA followed by a steady release pattern accounting for 80% of the encapsulated RA over a period of 48 hours. However, RA concentrations above 0.1 mg/mL were found to be cytotoxic to fibroblast cultures in vitro because of the oily nature of RA. These formulations promoted wound healing when used to treat full thickness skin wounds (2 cm2) in Wister male rats. The wound contraction rates were significantly higher compared to a commercially available topical cream after a time period of 21 days. Histopathological analysis of the RA-liposomal chitosan hydrogel group showed that the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous skin layers displayed an accelerated yet normal healing compared to control group.

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“…43 For purity, repeatability and reproducibility, castor oil and its isolate ricinoleic acid were characterized by FTIR and 1 H NMR techniques; the results are shown in the ESI. 43 For purity, repeatability and reproducibility, castor oil and its isolate ricinoleic acid were characterized by FTIR and 1 H NMR techniques; the results are shown in the ESI.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CdSe quantum dots capped with naturally occurring biobased oils

et al. 2015

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We report a green synthesis of CdSe quantum dots (QDs) using bio-based materials (castor oil and ricinoleic acid) as capping agents. The absorption spectra of the as-synthesized CdSe QDs showed typical features of quantum confinement. The particle sizes of QDs were determined using the absorption band edges and found to be 3.81 to 6.80 nm and 5.91 to 8.31 nm for the entire range of reaction temperatures for QD-capped with castor oil (CSTO) and ricinoleic acid (RA), respectively. The photoluminescence spectra showed narrow emission peaks. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed spherical particles with sizes comparable to those determined from the absorption spectra. Comparatively, large particles were observed for RA capped CdSe QDs than those stabilized by CSTO. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that the synthesized CdSe quantum dots have cubic structure. The particle sizes of CdSe deduced from X-ray diffraction measurements were in excellent agreement with those deduced from absorption spectra and TEM images. The d-spacings from the HRTEM images were consistent with those reported in literature. The surface area and the agglomeration number for as-synthesized CdSe QDs of different sizes are also reported.

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The Isolation of Ricinoleic Acid from Castor Oil by Salt‐solubility‐based Fractionation for the Biopharmaceutical Applications

Cited by 29 publications

References 19 publications

Castor oil: a suitable green source of capping agent for nanoparticle syntheses and facile surface functionalization

Castor oil: a suitable green source of capping agent for nanoparticle syntheses and facile surface functionalization

Bioactive polymeric formulations for wound healing

CdSe quantum dots capped with naturally occurring biobased oils

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