The isolation of<i>Listeria</i>species from fresh-water sites in Cheshire and North Wales

Frances, N.; Hornby, H.; Hunter, Paul R.

doi:10.1017/s0950268800048858

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Consistent with previous studies that noted considerable prevalences (often Ͼ20%) of Listeria spp. in different environments (2,10,18,19,69,71), we also found Listeria prevalences of Ͼ20% among samples collected from both urban and natural environments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Diversity of Listeria Species in Urban and Natural Environments

Sauders

Overdevest

Fortes

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

156

137

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ABSTRACTA total of 442Listeriaisolates, including 234Listeria seeligeri, 80L. monocytogenes, 74L. welshimeri, 50L. innocua, and 4L. marthiiisolates, were obtained from 1,805 soil, water, and other environmental samples collected over 2 years from four urban areas and four areas representing natural environments.Listeriaspp. showed similar prevalences in samples from natural (23.4%) and urban (22.3%) environments. WhileL. seeligeriandL. welshimeriwere significantly associated with natural environments (P≤ 0.0001),L. innocuaandL. monocytogeneswere significantly associated with urban environments (P≤ 0.0001). Sequencing ofsigBfor all isolates revealed 67 allelic types with a higher level of allelic diversity among isolates from urban environments. SomeListeriaspp. andsigBallelic types showed significant associations with specific urban and natural areas. Nearest-neighbor analyses also showed that certainListeriaspp. andsigBallelic types were spatially clustered within both natural and urban environments, and there was evidence that these species and allelic types persisted over time in specific areas. Our data show that members of the genusListerianot only are common in urban and natural environments but also show species- and subtype-specific associations with different environments and areas. This indicates thatListeriaspecies and subtypes within these species may show distinct ecological preferences, which suggests (i) that molecular source-tracking approaches can be developed forListeriaand (ii) that detection of someListeriaspecies may not be a good indicator forL. monocytogenes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Diversity of Listeria Species in Urban and Natural Environments

Sauders

Overdevest

Fortes

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

156

137

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“…The reported culture-based prevalence of L. monocytogenes in different geographical regions ranges from 50% in South African rivers (40), 43% in five Californian watersheds (14), 30% in water samples from a produce-producing region in NYS (15), 30% in river, lake and stream samples (n ϭ 206) from the Central California Coast (17), 12.8% of spring and river samples (n ϭ 148) from Switzerland (41), 10% of water samples (n ϭ 314) from a mixeduse watershed in Ontario, Canada (13), 1.7 and 10.9% of natural and urban water samples (n ϭ 486), respectively, in NYS (8), and 3.9% in surface water samples (n ϭ 128) in Northern Greece (42) to none in water samples (n ϭ 30) obtained in Cheshire and Northern Wales (32) and from the natural environment (n ϭ 68) in Austria (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Prevalences and Diversities of Listeria Species and Listeria monocytogenes in an Urban and a Rural Agricultural Watershed

Stea

Purdue

Jamieson

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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bFoods and related processing environments are commonly contaminated with the pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes. To investigate potential environmental reservoirs of Listeria spp. and L. monocytogenes, surface water and point source pollution samples from an urban and a rural municipal water supply watershed in Nova Scotia, Canada, were examined over 18 months. Presumptive Listeria spp. were cultured from 72 and 35% of rural and urban water samples, respectively, with 24% of the positive samples containing two or three different Listeria spp. The L. innocua (56%) and L. welshimeri (43%) groups were predominant in the rural and urban watersheds, respectively. Analysis by the TaqMan assay showed a significantly (P < 0.05) higher prevalence of L. monocytogenes of 62% versus 17% by the culture-based method. Both methods revealed higher prevalences in the rural watershed and during the fall and winter seasons. Elevated Escherichia coli (>100 CFU/100 ml) levels were not associated with the pathogen regardless of the detection method. Isolation of Listeria spp. were associated with 70 times higher odds of isolating L. monocytogenes (odds ratio ‫؍‬ 70; P < 0.001). Serogroup IIa was predominant (67.7%) among the 285 L. monocytogenes isolates, followed by IVb (16.1%), IIb (15.8%), and IIc (0.4%). L. monocytogenes was detected in cow feces and raw sewage but not in septic tank samples. Pulsotyping of representative water (n ‫؍‬ 54) and local human (n ‫؍‬ 19) isolates suggested genetic similarities among some environmental and human L. monocytogenes isolates. In conclusion, temperate surface waters contain a diverse Listeria species population and could be a potential reservoir for L. monocytogenes, especially in rural agricultural watersheds. Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium that is able to tolerate high salt concentrations, cold temperatures, and acid stress (1). Pathogenic Listeria species include L. monocytogenes and L. ivanovii (2), while 13 nonpathogenic species exist: L. cornellensis, L. grandensis, and L. riparia (3, 4).Listeria spp. are considered ubiquitous in the natural environment, and representatives of the genus, including L. monocytogenes, have been isolated from soil, surface waters, animal feeds, animal feces, sewage, food processing plants, and farm environments (5-11). In one New York study, L. seeligeri and L. welshimeri were dominant species in water and other environmental samples from pristine environments, while L. innocua and L. monocytogenes were associated with urban environments (8). Focusing on Listeria spp. diversity, Chapin et al. (12) reported finding Listeria spp. (excluding L. monocytogenes) in 22 and 51% of the surface water samples from pristine and produce growing areas, respectively, in New York. Linke et al. (11) detected Listeria spp. at similar levels (26%) in surface water samples from the pristine natural environment in different parts of Austria. As for the pathogenic L. monocytogenes in surface waters, recent culture-based studies have reported prevalence of 1...

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“…Contrary to our observation, lower prevalence have been reported for Listeria species in a variety of surface waters. Frances et al (1991) reported the isolation of Listeria species from 21% of freshwater samples collected from sites in Cheshire, England and North Wales; while Lyautey et al (2007) reported 64% for surface waters of the South Nation River Watershed in Ontario, Canada. These observations were consistent with expectations for surface waters that are not impacted by wastewater effluent; Dijkstra (1982) reported the isolation of L. monocytogenes from 21% of various surface waters, noting higher level of contamination (67%) in waters closer to sewage treatment plant effluents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and distribution of Listeria pathogens in the final effluents of a rural wastewater treatment facility in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

Odjadjare

Okoh

2009

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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We assessed the prevalence of free-living and plankton-associated Listeria species in the final effluents of a South African wastewater treatment facility and its receiving watershed between August 2007 and July 2008 as well as the antibiotic susceptibilities of effluent isolates. The physicochemical quality of the raw sewage and treated effluents was also determined. Free-living Listeria were more prevalent (96%), compared to plankton-associated Listeria species (58-67%). Listeria pathogens were sensitive to 11 (55%) of the 20 tested antibiotics, and showed varying (7-71%) levels of resistance to eight antibiotics. Turbidity, COD, NO 3 , PO 4 and Listeria density fell short of recommended standards after treatment; while pH, temperature, TDS, DO and NO 2 were compliant with target quality after treatment. We conclude that final effluents of wastewater treatment plants are potential sources of Listeria pathogens in the aquatic milieu of South Africa.

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The isolation ofListeriaspecies from fresh-water sites in Cheshire and North Wales

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

Diversity of Listeria Species in Urban and Natural Environments

Diversity of Listeria Species in Urban and Natural Environments

Comparison of the Prevalences and Diversities of Listeria Species and Listeria monocytogenes in an Urban and a Rural Agricultural Watershed

Prevalence and distribution of Listeria pathogens in the final effluents of a rural wastewater treatment facility in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

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