THE ISOLATION OF A FIELD STRAIN OF <i>HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS</i> IN QUEENSLAND SHOWING MULTIPLE ANTHELMINTIC RESISTANCE

Green, P. E.; Forsyth, B. A.; Rowan, KJ; Payne, Gregory T.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1981.tb00451.x

Cited by 70 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Resistance has been recorded also in drugs with a narrower spectrum of activity such as the salicylanilides (Jeannin et al, 1990;Scott and Armour, 1991). The major anthelmintic drugs against which AR has been reported include: phenothiazine (Drudge et al, 1957), thiabendazole (TBZ) and other BZs (Drudge et al, 1964;Green et al, 1981;Waruiru et al, 1998;Zajac and Gipson, 2000), ivermectin (IVM) (van Wyk and Malan, 1988;Echevarria and Trindale, 1989;van Wyk et al, 1989) and levamisole (LEV) (Gillham and Obendorf, 1985). It is alarming that GINs of small ruminants have developed resistance against all major groups of anthelmintics which compel to think about alternatives to use of chemicals against GINs.…”

Section: Drugs To Which Resistance Has Been Developedmentioning

confidence: 96%

Anthelmintic resistance: The state of play revisited

Jabbar

Iqbal

Kerbœuf³

et al. 2006

Life Sciences

190

108

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Section: Drugs To Which Resistance Has Been Developedmentioning

confidence: 96%

Anthelmintic resistance: The state of play revisited

Jabbar

Iqbal

Kerbœuf³

et al. 2006

Life Sciences

190

108

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“…Nitroxynil is also active against some nematodes, particularly Haemonchus contortus (Lucas 1971). Moreover, it has been shown to be effective against isolates of H. contortus that are resistant to other groups of drugs (Green et al 1981;Jeannin et al 1990). In this connection, it may have a role in the treatment of drug-resistant fluke as it is active against triclabendazole-resistant Fasciola hepatica (Coles and Stafford 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fasciola hepatica : tegumental surface alterations following treatment in vivo and in vitro with nitroxynil (Trodax)

McKinstry¹,

Fairweather²,

Brennan³

et al. 2003

Parasitology Research

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Male Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed orally with nitroxynil at a concentration of 40 mg/kg and adult Fasciola hepatica recovered after 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. Surface changes to the flukes were monitored by means of SEM. After the 24 h treatment, extensive swelling and blebbing of the tegument was observed on both surfaces, although the dorsal anterior region was more severely affected than either the posterior dorsal region or entire ventral surface. At high magnification, microvillus-like projections were evident, giving the surface a roughened appearance. After 48 h, the changes evident at 24 h had become more severe and some tegumental loss had occurred in the oral region of the fluke. Surface disruption was particularly evident along the lateral margins of the fluke in this region. In some specimens a single large swelling was present in the dorsal midbody region. The swelling was a more typical feature of flukes recovered. After 72 h, tegumental loss was more widespread, occurring over the oral cone and anterior midbody on the dorsal surface. Overall the dorsal surface was consistently more severely affected than the ventral surface, and the anterior region of the fluke was more disrupted than the posterior region. After 24 h in vitro incubation, the oral cone and midbody exhibited considerable spine loss and swelling. Overall, the dorsal surface was more disrupted than the ventral surface and the anterior region of the fluke was more disrupted than the posterior region. Regional differences in the response of the fluke to nitroxynil will be compared to previously published data with other fasciolicides. The results indicate that the tegument is an important target for nitroxynil action. Disruption of this, the fluke's main line of defence, would allow the drug access to other internal tissues, leading to more widespread damage.

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“…As a consequence, multiple resistance (i.e. resistance against more than one anthelmintic family) has appeared in field strains [44]. The same species can be prone to develop anthelmintic resistance in a particular host and not in another one, for instance in goats versus sheep [10] or in sheep versus cattle [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sheep and goat nematode resistance to anthelmintics: pro and cons among breeding management factors

et al. 2002

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-Although the molecular bases of resistance to anthelmintic families have been intensively studied, the contributing factors for the development of anthelmintic resistance are less well known. Clear recommendations must be given to farmers in order to delay the onset of anthelmintic resistance. Until now, the main advice has concerned the reduction of treatment frequency in order to slow down the spread of resistance. Anthelmintic resistance development depends mostly on an efficient selection pressure. This means that a high treatment frequency is neither necessary nor sufficient to select for resistance. The contribution of resistant worms, which have survived an anthelmintic treatment, to the subsequent generation is the key factor that controls resistance spread. This point is illustrated by five surveys conducted on sheep and goat farms from France and Morocco. In the 52 farms studied, less than three anthelmintic treatments were given each year. Three characteristics of breeding management can be identified in the build up of anthelmintic resistance: (1) the introduction of resistant worms through the purchase of sheep/goats or the use of common pastures, grazed by several herds/flocks, (2) under-dosing of hosts and the repeated use of one class of drugs, (3) the size of the population in refugia (infective larvae on pastures) at the time of the treatment. The role played by these breeding management factors in selecting for resistance is discussed. The most efficient way to limit the increase of anthelmintic resistance remains the reduction of the selection pressure by drugs, and optimal timing to maximise their efficacy. Bien que les bases moléculaires de la résistance aux différentes familles d'anthelminthiques aient été très étudiées, les facteurs permettant le développement de la résistance anthelminthique sont moins bien connus. Des recommandations claires sont nécessaires aux éleveurs si l'on souhaite retarder l'apparition de la résistance aux anthelminthiques. La principale recommandation a consisté à réduire la fréquence des traitements de façon à ralentir le développement de la résis-tance. Le développement de la résistance anthelminthique dépend essentiellement d'une pression de sélection efficace. Cela signifie qu'une forte fréquence de traitements n'est ni nécessaire ni suffisante pour sélectionner la résistance. La contribution des vers résistants, qui ont survécu au traitement anthelminthique, à la génération suivante est le facteur clé qui contrôle le développement de la résis-tance. Ce point est illustré par cinq enquêtes réalisées dans des élevages ovins et caprins de France et du Maroc. Dans les 52 élevages étudiés, moins de trois traitements anthelminthiques par an étaient réalisés. Trois conditions d'élevage ont pu être mises en évidence comme étant impliquées dans le dé-veloppement de la résistance anthelminthique :

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THE ISOLATION OF A FIELD STRAIN OF HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS IN QUEENSLAND SHOWING MULTIPLE ANTHELMINTIC RESISTANCE

Cited by 70 publications

References 20 publications

Anthelmintic resistance: The state of play revisited

Anthelmintic resistance: The state of play revisited

Fasciola hepatica : tegumental surface alterations following treatment in vivo and in vitro with nitroxynil (Trodax)

Sheep and goat nematode resistance to anthelmintics: pro and cons among breeding management factors

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