The irony of broken windows policing: A micro-place study of the relationship between disorder, focused police crackdowns and fear of crime

Hinkle, Joshua C.; Weisburd, David

doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2008.09.010

Cited by 178 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Further, it is necessary to consider potential unintended consequences of strategies to combat fear of crime. Hinkle and Weisburd (2008) found that while broken windows policing significantly reduced fear of crime, the aggressive policing strategies increased fear of crime thereby offsetting potential gains. Coupled with our findings of contextual differences in the operation of social process variables between neighborhoods, this suggests that identifying a strategy to combat fear of crime is particularly tricky and requires a thorough understanding of the neighborhood context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear of crime, incivilities, and collective efficacy in four Miami neighborhoods

Swatt

Varano

Uchida

et al. 2013

Journal of Criminal Justice

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Purpose: Extant literature indicates that individual perceptions of collective efficacy and incivilities are important in explaining fear of crime. These studies, however, often implicitly assume that the relationships between key variables do not differ between neighborhoods. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between perceptions of collective efficacy, perceptions of incivilities, and fear of crime and determine whether these relationships are constant between neighborhoods. Methods: Surveys were conducted using a sample of residents from four neighborhoods within Miami-Dade County. Structural equation models were used to examine the relationships between perceptions of collective efficacy, perceptions of incivilities, and fear of crime for each neighborhood separately. Tests for invariance were conducted to determine whether the coefficients from these models differed across neighborhoods. Results: Results from these analyses suggest that the relationship between perceptions of collective efficacy and fear of crime exhibit significant heterogeneity between neighborhoods, as do a number of other relationships. The relationships between perceptions of collective efficacy and perceptions of incivilities, and perceptions of incivilities and fear of crime do not exhibit heterogeneity. Conclusions: These results illustrate the importance of examining perceptions of collective efficacy within the neighborhood context. Implications for policy and future research are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear of crime, incivilities, and collective efficacy in four Miami neighborhoods

Swatt

Varano

Uchida

et al. 2013

Journal of Criminal Justice

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“…Other studies have, unexpectedly, demonstrated higher levels of feelings of unsafety in the presence of police in unsafe areas (Cordner and Jones 1995;Hinkle and Weisburd 2008). A possible explanation of these findings might be that increased police presence, without information as to why, can make residents believe that the area is dangerous and that something crime related has happened and therefore reduce the feelings of safety (Hinkle and Weisburd 2008;Holmberg 2005;Winkel 1986).…”

Section: Uniformed Presence and Feelings Of Safetymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Feelings of fear of crime and safety can also be influenced by demographics, current environment, earlier experience of victimization, media coverage of crime, individuals' confidence in the justice system, and perceptions of society as a whole (Andreescu 2010;Hale 1996;Heber 2007;Hinkle and Weisburd 2008;Zhao et al 2002). Social disorder and incivilities can produce fear and feelings of unsafety when people feel as though the Bagencies of external control have failed to preserve the order^ (Hinkle and Weisburd 2008 p. 504).…”

Section: What Affects Feelings Of Safety?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Feelings of Safety In The Presence Of the Police, Security Guards, and Police Volunteers

Doyle

Frogner

Andershed

et al. 2015

Eur J Crim Policy Res

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Uniformed presence is commonly thought to create feelings of safety in people. However, do differently uniformed people contribute to an equal amount of safety and are there situation-dependent differences? The present study examined the association between various types of uniformed presence and people's feelings of safety through a questionnaire among 352 respondents (18-86 years) (49.1 % women). The questionnaire contained pictures of situations perceived as relatively safe and unsafe with or without uniformed presence. The respondents estimated how safe they thought they would feel in these situations with no uniformed presence, two police officers, six police officers, a police vehicle, two security guards, or two police volunteers. Results showed that uniformed presence did not increase feelings of safety in a situation perceived as relatively safe, making patrol unnecessary. In situations perceived as relatively unsafe however, all types of uniformed presence increased feelings of safety. Foot patrolling police contributed to the greatest increase in feelings of safety. Security guards and police volunteers created similar amounts of feelings of safety making police volunteers a cost-effective alternative. All types of foot patrol were better than vehicle patrol, making non-police groups an alternative to vehicle patrol. Some situational, gender, and age differences were found.

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“…Eventually citizens began to act like the vision they saw and the graffiti was greatly reduced. Because of the vision and passion of the mayor and others, New York is today much safer and a cleaner city to visit (Hinkle & Weisburd, 2008).…”

Section: Passion and The Physical Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Heart of the School Counselor: Understanding Passion over the Span of a Career

Sumerlin

Littrell

2011

Professional School Counseling

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School counseling is a constantly evolving profession and in view of the growing demands and expectations of students, faculty, parents, the employment sector, and society in the twenty-first century, one that is in need of revision. In recent years the direction of counseling has turned to more accountability and technology, and trending away from some of the vital attributes of the heart, including passion (Palmer, 1998).Many lead counselors, staff development professionals, and administrators find themselves inadequately equipped to engage in and facilitate successful counselor professional development in these areas; school counselors' work with students, staff, and parents suffer. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the many ways exemplary school counselors have developed and maintained passion over the span of their professional careers. Using a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews, this study elucidated the key elements in exemplary counselors' development of passion. Each of nine public school counselors from across Colorado schools participated in a 60to 90 minute interview in their office and a follow-up email interview. Data analysis included constant comparative analysis with open and axial coding, which produced four emergent themes. Spirituality, humbleness, being out of the office, and a counselor's family, each with supportive sub-themes, emerged from the interviews and are discussed.iv Passionate counselors exhibited deep and textured features of an ongoing spiritual life that resulted in the development of useful attributes and strategies, which in turn resulted in a variety of rewards and recognitions. These attributes, strategies, and rewards created a synergetic relationship. Personal reflections, recommendations, limitations of the study, and implications for possible future research are included.

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The irony of broken windows policing: A micro-place study of the relationship between disorder, focused police crackdowns and fear of crime

Cited by 178 publications

References 31 publications

Fear of crime, incivilities, and collective efficacy in four Miami neighborhoods

Fear of crime, incivilities, and collective efficacy in four Miami neighborhoods

Feelings of Safety In The Presence Of the Police, Security Guards, and Police Volunteers

The Heart of the School Counselor: Understanding Passion over the Span of a Career

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