The iron lung: A device for the continuous delivery of fine particulate matter

Arnold, Ian J.; Berger, Cory A.; Chakrabarty, Rajan K.; Moosmüller, Hans; Sharma, Noopur; Mazzoleni, Cláudio

doi:10.1063/1.4865114

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Generation and deposition of BC aerosol took place during the spring of 2018 at Tamarack Lake. A kerosene lamp was used to produce BC aerosol (Arnott et al, 2000;Arnold et al, 2014) to be deposited onto the snow surface. First, the 12 V pump was started to begin moving air through the complete apparatus and provide enough air to sustain the combustion; without this forced air, the flame would quickly be extinguished due to lack of oxidant.…”

Section: Black Carbon (Bc) Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparatus for dry deposition of aerosols on snow

Beres

Moosmüller

2018

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Deposition of light-absorbing aerosol on snow can drastically change the albedo of the snow surface and the energy balance of the snowpack. To study these important effects experimentally and to compare them with theory, it is desirable to have an apparatus for such deposition experiments. Here, we describe a simple apparatus to generate and evenly deposit light-absorbing aerosols onto a flat snow surface. Aerosols are produced (combustion aerosols) or entrained (mineral dust aerosols) and continuously transported into a deposition chamber placed on the snow surface where they deposit onto and into the snowpack, thereby modifying its surface reflectance and albedo. We demonstrate field operation of this apparatus by generating black and brown carbon combustion aerosols and entraining hematite mineral dust aerosol and depositing them on the snowpack. Changes in spectral snow reflectance are demonstrated qualitatively through pictures of snow surfaces after aerosol deposition and quantitatively by measuring hemispherical-conical reflectance spectra for the deposited areas and for adjacent snowpack in its natural state. Additional potential applications for this apparatus are mentioned and briefly discussed.Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.

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Section: Black Carbon (Bc) Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparatus for dry deposition of aerosols on snow

Beres

Moosmüller

2018

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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“…This was achieved by using an iron lung, which is basically a steel cylindrical drum having a diameter of 64 cm and height of 86 cm. It is lined with a conductive liner and has a capacity of 277 L which takes 15-20 min to be fully filled with kerosene soot (diluted with air) with a flow rate of ∼ 20 Lpm (Arnold et al, 2013). As the aerosol is drawn from the lung by the instruments, the bag gradually collapses resulting in a slow and monotonically decaying particle concentration with small variations in the size distribution.…”

Section: Aerosol Generation and Delivery Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoacoustic and nephelometric spectroscopy of aerosol optical properties with a supercontinuum light source

et al. 2013

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Abstract.A novel multi-wavelength photoacousticnephelometer spectrometer (SC-PNS) has been developed for the optical characterization of atmospheric aerosol particles. This instrument integrates a white light supercontinuum laser with photoacoustic and nephelometric spectroscopy to measure aerosol absorption and scattering coefficients at five wavelength bands (centered at 417, 475, 542, 607, and 675 nm). These wavelength bands are selected from the continuous spectrum of the laser (ranging from 400-2200 nm) using a set of optical interference filters. Absorption and scattering measurements on laboratory-generated aerosol samples were performed sequentially at each wavelength band.To test the instrument we measured the wavelength dependence of absorption and scattering coefficients of kerosene soot and common salt aerosols. Results were favorably compared to those obtained with a commercial 3-wavelength photoacoustic and nephelometer instrument demonstrating the utility of the SC light source for studies of aerosol optical properties at selected wavelengths. Here, we discuss instrument design, development, calibration, performance and experimental results.

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“…Two plastic windows are mounted on the side of the drum at 90˚ from each other so one can observe the inhaling and exhaling process through one window by shining a flashlight through the other. The detail about the design of the iron lung is described in [20]. The exhaled aerosols were directed to the scattering volume of our PLS apparatus and measured S 11 was measured; the flow rate was set to be 0.6 L/min.…”

Section: Carbonaceous and Non-carbonaceous Aerosol Particles Charactementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detail about the design of the iron lung is described in [20]. The exhaled aerosols were directed to the scattering volume of our PLS apparatus and measured S 11 was measured; the flow rate was set to be 0.6 L/min.…”

Section: Carbonaceous and Non-carbonaceous Aerosol Particles Characte...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Portable device to determine particle asymmetry parameter

Heinson¹,

Sorensen²,

Chakrabarty³

2019

Opt. Express

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Accurate characterization of the asymmetry parameter g is of crucial importance for many radiative transfer and climate models. Here, we present our portable light scattering (PLS) device which is designed for in situ, real-time, and contact-free measurements of the particles phase function with an integration time less than 1 second. With the PLS device, we have characterized carbonaceous aerosols, such as smoldering products from Alaskan peat, soot from a kerosene lamp and non-carbonaceous aerosols such as Arizona Road Dust. We found the g to be 0.664±0.002, 0.506±0.004, and 0.701±0.020 for those three kinds of particles, respectively. Compare to commercial nephelometers, our PLS device has reduced error in g due to angular truncation.

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The iron lung: A device for the continuous delivery of fine particulate matter

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Apparatus for dry deposition of aerosols on snow

Apparatus for dry deposition of aerosols on snow

Photoacoustic and nephelometric spectroscopy of aerosol optical properties with a supercontinuum light source

Portable device to determine particle asymmetry parameter

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