The iontophoresis of lignocaine with epinephrine into carious dentine for pain control during cavity preparation in human molars

Vongsavan, Kadkao; Rirattanapong, Praphasri; Kraivaphan, Petcharat; Vongsavan, Noppakun; Matthews, Bruce

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.04.005

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Most in vitro studies observed these findings with the help of SEM analysis [18,20]. In vivo studies involved different rating scales, including the visual analog scale and a verbal rating scale [19,24,31]. The Iontophoresis technique effectively reduces hypersensitivity because of the greater penetration rate of ions into the dentinal tubules offered by electric current.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Iontophoresis as an Effective Drug Delivery System in Dentistry: A Review

Ragit¹,

Fulzele²,

Rathi³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Iontophoresis is a non-invasive method to improve drug delivery by the application of an electric field. The iontophoresis process causes deeper penetration of ions using electric current. The drug delivered through iontophoresis was found to be around 10 to 2,000 times more than conventional forms of delivery. The better results were shown by alternating current (AC) than conventional constant current (DC) iontophoresis. The preparation used in iontophoresis should be soluble in water, of a small voltage, and prone to ionization. More mobility is seen with smaller particles. Iontophoresis could increase the diffusion of drugs into dentin, enamel, and other oral tissues. The chief drugs delivered or studied by iontophoresis in dentistry are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, local anesthetics, anti-bacterial drugs, and fluorides. To enhance the ability of drug transfer nanomaterials were introduced. Under the impact of iontophoresis, remineralizing nanomaterial can be injected at larger concentrations in the deeper layer of incipient caries. Due to the size of nanocomplexes, it is possible that they will diffuse into the body of the subsurface lesion and enter the porosities to improve remineralization utilizing the iontophoresis approach. The concept of the application of an electric current for drug delivery was introduced several years ago in clinical practice, research, and literature. This review focuses on iontophoresis application in dentistry, its mode of action, and how the technique can be utilized in a beneficial way.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was also observed that by utilizing AC, the anesthetic lidocaine hydrochloride could pass through the tooth structure. This procedure may help avoid numbness, mostly observed during syringe application [19].…”

Section: Local Anestheticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iontophoresis as an Effective Drug Delivery System in Dentistry: A Review

Ragit¹,

Fulzele²,

Rathi³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…In 7 of the treated teeth, no effect was observed after 14 min of iontophoresis. Ultimately, 87.5% of the studied molars with caries were anesthetized by iontophoretic delivery of lignocaine with epinephrine [56]. Using lignocaine plus epinephrine solution iontophoresis on teeth caries immediately inhibits the pain and continues for at least 40 min [57].…”

Section: Local Anestheticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected Medicines Used in Iontophoresis

Karpiński

2018

Pharmaceutics

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Iontophoresis is a non-invasive method of systemic and local drug delivery using an electric field. Iontophoresis enables diffusion of the selected drug via skin, mucosa, enamel, dentin, and other tissues. The amount of delivered therapeutic molecules is about 10–2000 times greater than conventional forms of delivery. Among other fields, this method is used in dentistry, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, and dermatology. According to related literature, the most important drugs studied or administered by iontophoresis are: Local anesthetics, opioids, steroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibacterial drugs, antifungal drugs, antiviral drugs, anticancer drugs, fluorides, and vitamins. The present review covers current available data regarding the selected medicines used in iontophoresis. Furthermore, indications and conditions of iontophoresis application are reviewed.

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“…Both methods were found to reduce hypersensitivity, and iontophoresis was more effective clinically and had fewer failures compared to the bonding agent application [ 94 ]. In addition to fluoride, iontophoretic delivery of lignocaine into exposed dentin was examined and found to be effective in anaesthetizing dentin-exposed teeth [ 58 , 74 ].…”

Section: Iontophoresis On Enamel and Dentinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iontophoretic Drug Delivery in the Oral Cavity

Wanasathop

2018

Pharmaceutics

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Iontophoresis is a noninvasive method to enhance systemic and local drug delivery by the application of an electric field. For systemic drug delivery in the oral cavity, iontophoresis was studied primarily for transbuccal delivery. Significant enhancement of drug delivery was observed in buccal iontophoresis compared to passive transport for different drugs. For local drug delivery in the oral cavity, iontophoresis could enhance drug penetration into the enamel, dentin, and other oral tissues for the treatment of oral diseases. Iontophoresis was evaluated in dentistry such as to produce local anesthesia and treat tooth decalcification and hypersensitivity, but this technology has not been fully utilized. The most common drugs in these evaluations were fluoride and lidocaine. In general, there is limited knowledge of the mechanisms of iontophoresis in the oral tissues. In vivo animal and human studies have suggested that iontophoresis is safe in the oral cavity under the conditions investigated. The present review covers the topics of iontophoretic drug delivery in the oral cavity for both systemic and local treatments. The anatomy and diseases in the oral cavity for iontophoretic drug delivery are also briefly reviewed, and the challenges for this drug delivery method are discussed.

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The iontophoresis of lignocaine with epinephrine into carious dentine for pain control during cavity preparation in human molars

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Iontophoresis as an Effective Drug Delivery System in Dentistry: A Review

Iontophoresis as an Effective Drug Delivery System in Dentistry: A Review

Selected Medicines Used in Iontophoresis

Iontophoretic Drug Delivery in the Oral Cavity

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