The Ionospheric Wind Dynamo: Effects of Its Coupling With Different Atmospheric Regions

Richmond, A. D.

doi:10.1029/gm087p0049

Cited by 44 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…[11] As described by Ito et al [1986], Chen [1992], and Yue et al [2012b], the QTDW modulates the mean wind in the E-region and pushes plasma to move perpendicular to the magnetic field in a period of 2 days and produces a 2 day perturbation in the dynamo electric fields. The QTDWperturbed dynamo electric fields are largely controlled by the Earth's magnetic field and follow geomagnetic coordinates [Richmond, 1995;Heelis, 2004]. Therefore, the QTDW-induced oscillations in electric fields and vertical ion drift are often calculated in geomagnetic coordinates [e.g., Chang et al, 2011a], while the QTDW in winds is better described in geographic coordinates [e.g., Wu et al, 1993].…”

Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavenumber broadening of the quasi 2 day planetary wave in the ionosphere

et al. 2013

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[1] Using the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model, we investigate the observed zonal wavenumber broadening phenomena in the ionospheric quasi 2 day oscillation (QTDO) that is associated with westward zonal wavenumber 3 (W3) quasi 2 day wave (QTDW) perturbations in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). We aim to explain why the observed longitudinal structures of the QTDOs in the ionosphere are different from those of the QTDWs in the MLT. We find that large QTDOs in the ionosphere with zonal wavenumbers other than W3 occur in the model run with the true magnetic field, but not in the model run with an aligned dipole field. These numerical experiments suggest that the occurrence of the additional zonal wavenumbers in ionospheric QTDOs is related to the longitudinal variations of the Earth's magnetic field configuration, strength, and dip angle, which have distinct stationary zonal wavenumbers. We also find that when the specified W3 QTDW winds drive ionospheric plasma motion in the magnetic field, the resultant QTDOs in ionospheric parameters, such as the dynamo electric field, ion vertical drifts, plasma densities, and total electron content, have more complicated longitudinal variations than simply W3, corresponding to a zonal wavenumber broadening effect. Additionally, we find that the wavenumber broadening effect in the ionosphere can be fed back onto the neutrals through ion drag, to produce small QTDW winds with new wavenumbers in the thermosphere.

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Section: Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavenumber broadening of the quasi 2 day planetary wave in the ionosphere

et al. 2013

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“…As is well known, neutral winds in the ionospheric E region are an important source responsible for the changes of ionospheric current and electric fields (Heelis, ; Richmond, ). In the daytime, neutral winds generate electric fields through the dynamo process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Was Magnetic Storm the Only Driver of the Long‐Duration Enhancements of Daytime Total Electron Content in the Asian‐Australian Sector Between 7 and 12 September 2017?

et al. 2018

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In this study, multiple data sets from Beidou geostationary orbit satellites total electron contents (TECs), ionosonde, meteor radar, magnetometer, and model simulations have been used to investigate the ionospheric responses in the Asian‐Australian sector during the September 2017 geomagnetic storm. It was found that long‐duration daytime TEC enhancements that lasted from 7 to 12 September 2017 were observed by the Beidou geostationary orbit satellite constellation. This is a unique event as the prominent TEC enhancements persisted during the storm recovery phase when geomagnetic activity became quiet. The Thermosphere‐Ionosphere Electrodynamics Global Circulation Model predicted that the TEC enhancements on 7–9 September were associated with the geomagnetic activity, but it showed significant electron density depletions on 10 and 11 September in contrast to the observed TEC enhancements. Our results suggested that the observed long‐duration TEC enhancements from 7 to 12 September are mainly associated with the interplay of ionospheric dynamics and electrodynamics. Nevertheless, the root causes for the observed TEC enhancements seen in the storm recovery phase are unknown and require further observations and model studies.

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“…Geomagnetic disturbances associated with storms and substorms are typically several hundreds of nano teslas on the surface, which can easily mask underlying Sq signals. Despite the small amplitude, studies on Sq have been important for understanding the ionospheric electrodynamics (Richmond 1979(Richmond , 1995b and its coupling to the magnetosphere and lower atmosphere (Wagner et al 1980;Richmond 1995b); for determining a base level for geomagnetic indices (Mayaud 1980;Love and Gannon 2009;Gjerloev 2012); for monitoring solar radiation activity (Svalgaard and Cliver 2007;Svalgaard 2016); and for estimating electrical conductivity within the Earth (Campbell and Schiffmacher 1988a;Campbell et al 1998;Okeke and Obiora 2016).…”

Section: Observational Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sq and EEJ—A Review on the Daily Variation of the Geomagnetic Field Caused by Ionospheric Dynamo Currents

2016

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A record of the geomagnetic field on the ground sometimes shows smooth daily variations on the order of a few tens of nano teslas. These daily variations, commonly known as Sq, are caused by electric currents of several μA/m 2 flowing on the sunlit side of the Eregion ionosphere at about 90-150 km heights. We review advances in our understanding of the geomagnetic daily variation and its source ionospheric currents during the past 75 years. Observations and existing theories are first outlined as background knowledge for the nonspecialist. Data analysis methods, such as spherical harmonic analysis, are then described in detail. Various aspects of the geomagnetic daily variation are discussed and interpreted using these results. Finally, remaining issues are highlighted to provide possible directions for future work.

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The Ionospheric Wind Dynamo: Effects of Its Coupling With Different Atmospheric Regions

Cited by 44 publications

References 150 publications

Wavenumber broadening of the quasi 2 day planetary wave in the ionosphere

Wavenumber broadening of the quasi 2 day planetary wave in the ionosphere

Was Magnetic Storm the Only Driver of the Long‐Duration Enhancements of Daytime Total Electron Content in the Asian‐Australian Sector Between 7 and 12 September 2017?

Sq and EEJ—A Review on the Daily Variation of the Geomagnetic Field Caused by Ionospheric Dynamo Currents

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