The ionic hemolymph composition of the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber Latr. during molt

Ziegler, Andreas; Scholz, Frank

doi:10.1007/s003600050106

Cited by 33 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, changes in blood pressure without accompanying increases in volume cannot explain net growth. Measurements of hemolymph electrolytes during the molt cycle in Porcellioscaber (Ziegler and Scholz 1997) showed that concentrations of K + , Na + , Mg 2+ and Cl- all decrease significantly following the posterior molt, consistent with the uptake of water. Furthermore, direct measurements of hemolymph volume in the supra-littoral oniscidean Ligiapallassii show a sharp increase in volume following the posterior ecdysis, apparently due to direct uptake of seawater (Ziegler and Pennings 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Water vapor absorption allows for volume expansion during molting in Armadillidium vulgare and Porcellio dilatatus (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea)

Nako

Lee

Wright

2018

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Arthropods require periodic molting in order to grow which presents a number of challenges to terrestrial taxa. Following ecdysis, the pliant new cuticle is susceptible to buckling under gravity and requires elevated hydrostatic pressure for support. Terrestrial species also require a mechanism of volume expansion and stretching of the integument prior to sclerotization, a need that is readily met in aquatic arthropods by drinking. Options for land arthropods include drinking of dew, swallowing of air, or using muscular contractions to inflate air sacs in tracheate taxa. In this study we tested the hypothesis that crinochete terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Crinocheta) exploit their capacity for active water vapor absorption (WVA) to increase volume during molting. Two crinochete species, Armadillidiumvulgare and Porcelliodilatatus, were studied and compared with the non-absorbing species Ligidiumlapetum (Oniscidea: Ligiamorpha). Pre-molting animals were identified by sternal CaCO3 deposits and exposed to 100% or 97% relative humidity (RH). Mass-changes were monitored by daily weighing and the timing of the posterior and anterior ecdyses was used to categorize time (days premolt and days post-molt) over the molt cycle. In each treatment RH, A.vulgare and P.dilatatus showed a progressive mass increase from 5 days premolt until the posterior or anterior ecdysis, followed abruptly by period of mass-loss lasting 3–4 days post-molt. The fact that the initial mass-gain is seen in 97 % RH, a humidity below the water activity of the hemolymph, confirms the role of WVA. Similarly, since the post-molt mass-loss is seen in 100 % RH, this must be due to active expulsion of water, possibly via maxillary urine. Concurrent changes in hemolymph osmolality were monitored in a separate batch of A.vulgare and show sustained osmolality during premolt and an abrupt decrease between the anterior and posterior ecdysis. These patterns indicate a mobilization of sequestered electrolytes during premolt, and a loss of electrolytes during the post-molt mass-loss, amounting to approximately 8.6 % of total hemolymph solutes. WVA, in conjunction with pulses of elevated hemolymph pressure, provides an efficient mechanism of pre-molt volume expansion prior to and during the biphasic molt in these species. Premolt Ligidiumlapetum exposed to same treatments failed to molt successfully and no premolt animals survived to day 3 (72 h) even in 100 % RH. The apparent dependence of this species on liquid water for successful molting could explain its obligatory association with riparian fringe habitats.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Water vapor absorption allows for volume expansion during molting in Armadillidium vulgare and Porcellio dilatatus (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea)

Nako

Lee

Wright

2018

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“…During resorption of the calcium carbonate deposits, numerous granules containing calcium occur within this network (Ziegler, 1996). For a detailed description of the calcium metabolism during the molting cycle of terrestrial isopods, the reader is referred to the work of Steel (1993), Ziegler (1994Ziegler ( , 1996Ziegler ( , 1997a, Ziegler and Miller (1997), and Ziegler and Scholz (1997).…”

Section: Woodlice (Isopoda)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of metals in cells of saprophagous soil arthropods (Isopoda, Diplopoda, Collembola)

Köhler¹

2002

Microscopy Res & Technique

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This review summarizes results on the intracellular distribution of metals in cells of woodlice (Isopoda), millipedes (Diplopoda), and springtails (Collembola), which are three major groups of saprophagous arthropods contributing to the turnover of soil organic matter. Although the impact of metals and also metal pollution has inevitably been shown at levels of higher biological organization than subcellular mechanisms in these animal groups, the aim of this review is to focus exclusively on storage sites and aspects of intracellular metal metabolism. Thus, methodologically, results obtained by microscopical techniques such as histochemistry, X-ray microanalysis, energy filter transmission electron microscopy, or laser microprobe mass spectrometry were given preference. Results from atomic absorption spectrophotometry of cellular fractions were kept to a minimum. In all three taxa, the main intracellular metal storage sites are various types of "granules" which are widely distributed throughout cell types associated with the digestive system.

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“…The source for the mineralization of the anterior half of the cuticle is still not fully understood. A study on the hemolymph calcium concentration of P. scaber revealed that calcium remains elevated after the anterior moult, suggesting another source for calcium ions (Ziegler and Scholz, 1997). P. scaber ingests the exuviae after each half moult, suggesting that the intestinal epithelium resorbs mineral from the exuviae that still contains considerable amounts of calcium carbonate (Steel, 1993).…”

Section: Resorption and Storage Of Accmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amorphous and crystalline calcium carbonate distribution in the tergite cuticle of moulting Porcellio scaber (Isopoda, Crustacea)

Neues

Hild

Epple

et al. 2011

Journal of Structural Biology

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a b s t r a c tThe main mineral components of the isopod cuticle consists of crystalline magnesium calcite and amorphous calcium carbonate. During moulting isopods moult first the posterior and then the anterior half of the body. In terrestrial species calcium carbonate is subject to resorption, storage and recycling in order to retain significant fractions of the mineral during the moulting cycle. We used synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction, elemental analysis and Raman spectroscopy to quantify the ACC/calcite ratio, the mineral phase distribution and the composition within the anterior and posterior tergite cuticle during eight different stages of the moulting cycle of Porcellio scaber. The results show that most of the amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) is resorbed from the cuticle, whereas calcite remains in the old cuticle and is shed during moulting. During premoult resorption of ACC from the posterior cuticle is accompanied by an increase within the anterior tergites, and mineralization of the new posterior cuticle by resorption of mineral from the anterior cuticle. This suggests that one reason for using ACC in cuticle mineralization is to facilitate resorption and recycling of cuticular calcium carbonate. Furthermore we show that ACC precedes the formation of calcite in distal layers of the tergite cuticle.

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The ionic hemolymph composition of the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber Latr. during molt

Cited by 33 publications

References 20 publications

Water vapor absorption allows for volume expansion during molting in Armadillidium vulgare and Porcellio dilatatus (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea)

Water vapor absorption allows for volume expansion during molting in Armadillidium vulgare and Porcellio dilatatus (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea)

Localization of metals in cells of saprophagous soil arthropods (Isopoda, Diplopoda, Collembola)

Amorphous and crystalline calcium carbonate distribution in the tergite cuticle of moulting Porcellio scaber (Isopoda, Crustacea)

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