The involvement of biotin in preventing the fatty liver and kidney syndrome in chicks

Whitehead, C. C.; Blair, R.; Bannister, D. W.; Evans, Alun; Jones, R. Morley

doi:10.1016/s0034-5288(18)33453-2

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…DISCUSSION There is evidence that FLKS is associated with low-protein diets based on wheat (Blair et al, 1969;Husbands and Laursen-Jones, 1969;Payne et al, 1974). The results of the present experiment confirms this although the mortality observed was much lower (5 to 6%) than that reported by Payne et al (1974) and Whitehead and Blair (1974a) who found 16% and 25% mortality respectively. Blair et al (1973) reported that a diet based on maize and barley produced significantly greater mortality than a wheat-based diet; in the present experiment the opposite effect was observed.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…While this experiment was in progress it was shown that dietary supplements of biotin could alleviate FLKS (Blair and Whitehead, 1974;Payne et al, 1974;Whitehead and Blair, 1974a). It can be calculated, using values for ingredient composition (Bolton and Blair, 1974), that the biotin contents of the diets used were 127 /xg/kg for the conventional diet and 115 fig/kg for the wheat-based diets.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Terms INTRODUCTION Fatty liver and kidney syndrome (FLKS) is a disease which causes the accumulation of large amounts of lipid around the liver and kidneys of young chicks (LaursenJones, 1971). Mortality generally does not exceed 6% (Hemsley, 1965) but may reach 20% or more (Husbands and Laursen-Jones, 1969;Laursen-Jones, 1971;Payne et al, 1974;Whitehead and Blair, 1974a). It has been suggested that the condition occurs when diets of a high energy to protein ratio, in which wheat provides all or most of the cereal, are fed (Blair et al, 1969;Husbands and Laursen-Jones, 1969) and in particular low-protein diets containing animal protein have been implicated (Payne et al, 1974).…”

Section: Please Scroll Down For Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of choline and inositol on hepatic lipid metabolism and the incidence of the fatty liver and kidney syndrome in broilers

Pearce

1975

British Poultry Science

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1. Diets high in wheat and low in protein (18%) produced 5 to 6% mortality from fatty liver and kidney syndrome (FLKS) in broiler chicks whereas there were no deaths from FLKS in birds fed on a maize/barley diet containing 20% protein. 2. Supplementation of the wheat-based diets with choline or inositol (2-5 g additive/kg diet) did not affect the incidence of FLKS or liver lipid metabolism. 3. The wheat-based diet did not significantly affect the activities of hepatic lipogenic enzymes suggesting that hepatic lipid biosynthesis is not a cause of the syndrome. 4. The biotin contents of the wheat and maize/barley diets were little different, which may suggest that factors other than this are implicated in FLKS.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Please Scroll Down For Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of choline and inositol on hepatic lipid metabolism and the incidence of the fatty liver and kidney syndrome in broilers

Pearce

1975

British Poultry Science

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“…The mortality can occur as early as 10 days and as late at 56 days of age and its incidence can be eliminated by dietary biotin supplementation (Payne et al 1974;Whitehead et al, 1976). Record of mortality due to FLKS is given in Table 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the biotin requirement of broilers fed sunflower seed meal based diets

Oloyo

1994

Archiv für Tierernaehrung

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A total of 560 day-old commercial broiler chicks were used in two experiments conducted to investigate the biotin requirement of broilers fed sunflower seed meal (SSM) based diets. Two basal biotin-deficient diets based on dehulled (Experiment 1) and non-dehulled (Experiment 2) SSM were each supplemented with graded levels of biotin so that the rations had 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240 and 280 mcg/kg feed. Therefore a total of 14 treatments were tested. Each treatment was given to duplicate floor pens with 20 chicks each for a period of 28 days. Estimation of the live weights, live weight gain, feed intake, blood glucose and free fatty acid concentrations, lipid contents and weights of liver and kidney, and liver pyruvate carboxylase activity and the records of incidence of dermal lesions, fatty liver and kidney syndrome (FLKS) mortality and leg deformities indicated that in the case of dehulled SSM, dietary biotin of of 160 mcg/kg feed was marginal while at least 200 mcg/kg appeared to be needed for optimum performance of the birds. When non-dehulled SSM was incorporated in the diet, 200 mcg biotin/kg feed was found to be the lowest dietary level needed. However, as it seems that better results could be obtained with higher levels, 240 mcg biotin/kg with non-dehulled SSM is being recommended.

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“…In the event, the answer was unequivocally that biotin alone could prevent FLKS (Whitehead et al, 1976a). …”

Section: Biochemistry and Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition: The integrative science

Whitehead¹

2000

British Poultry Science

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1. Nutrition is a vitally important part of the production environment but also interacts with many other disciplines. 2. Modern breeding methods involving selection for a wider range of characteristics are likely to result in new genotypes with different nutritional needs. Geneticists and nutritionists will have to work closely together in the future to identify nutritional needs of these birds. 3. Collaboration between nutrition and other disciplines has been important in maintaining efficient poultry production and health and preventing or alleviating a number of metabolic disorders 4. There are many new challenges facing nutritionists to maintain health and performance in flocks under more exacting standards of bird welfare and human health. 5. A vigorous contribution from nutritional science and research will continue to be important for the future well-being of the poultry industry.

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The involvement of biotin in preventing the fatty liver and kidney syndrome in chicks

Cited by 36 publications

References 8 publications

The effects of choline and inositol on hepatic lipid metabolism and the incidence of the fatty liver and kidney syndrome in broilers

The effects of choline and inositol on hepatic lipid metabolism and the incidence of the fatty liver and kidney syndrome in broilers

Studies on the biotin requirement of broilers fed sunflower seed meal based diets

Nutrition: The integrative science

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