The “Invisible Epidemic” of Chemical Dependence Among the Elderly and the Challenge of Rehabilitation: Bibliographical Review

Abstract

Introduction: Brazil has reached the third stage of the demographic transition, in which there is a reduction in fertility, birth and death rates and, consequently, there is an increase in the elderly population in the country. With the increase in life expectancy, we have an increase in the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases that, together with the existing changes in the aging process, make this population more vulnerable to the use of chemical substances. Objective: To highlight the "invisible epidemic" of chemical dependency among the elderly, its causes and consequences, and draw attention to the need for public policies aimed at this age group. Methods: A total of 52 articles published in the PubMed, Scielo, and Google academic databases between 2003 and 2022 were selected. Discussion: Legal drugs such as alcohol and cigarettes are widespread in our society and are often not considered substances of abuse by individuals who use them, nor by health professionals. Along with these, illicit drugs and drug abuse bring many physical, biological and psychological damages to the health of the elderly population. This population suffers a lot of social prejudice, which makes it difficult to seek treatment. In addition, the lack of public policies aimed at this public interfere with the diagnosis and management of these patients. Conclusion:The group of chemically dependent elderly people is currently an invisible epidemic that is growing more and more in Brazil and requires training of health professionals. In addition to greater attention on the part of public managers, the present study demonstrates the importance and need for further research to address these individuals.