The investigation on the ideal spot weld numerical model in resistance welding

Abstract

The paper presents investigation on the ideal spot weld numerical model. The weld discussed in the paper was made by the resistance spot welding of two overlapping steel sheets. The ideal weld contained three parts, i.e. two welded steel sheets and an intermediate component (connector) made of the same material. The connector was placed between the sheets, assembled mechanically and fixed. A numerical model of the ideal weld enables the elimination of all welding imperfections, including, among other things, an indent left by the electrode as well as stresses and deformations of materials present in the actual welded joint. The ideal weld was intentionally not subjected to the thermal cycle. As a result, the heat-affected zone and the molten nugget were eliminated from the model (welding area). Consequently, the entire tested (analysed) weld specimen only had the properties of the base material. The analysis presented in the paper is based on 3D FEM numerical modelling and experimental validation. The numerical model of the ideal weld (nugget surface) was investigated in relation to various shapes of the nugget (e.g. circular, square and rectangular) as well as in relation to different dimensions. The research also involved the performance of a comparative analysis including various welding conditions. The analysis was carried out to determine the highest possible value of shear force generated during a static tensile test. The results of the numerical tests were compared with the results of selected laboratory tests.

Comparative Study of Classification Algorithms for Quality Assessment of Resistance Spot Welding Joints From Pre- and Post-Welding Inputs

“…In the literature, two main RSW quality-control modelling approaches are found: (i) models that predict the quality of the RSW joints from the welding parameters established prior to or during the welding process [11][12][13][14][15][16], and (ii) models that assess the quality level based on the data of the ultrasonic oscillograms obtained after the welding process [6,17,18]. Notably, even though ultrasonic nondestructive testing requires that human operators have a certain degree of This document is a preprint.…”

Quality Prediction of Resistance Spot Welding Joints From Pre- and Post-Welding Inputs Using Stacking of Tree Ensemble Models

“…In the literature, two main RSW quality-control modelling approaches are found: (i) models that predict the quality of the RSW joints from the welding parameters established prior to or during the welding process [11][12][13][14][15][16], and (ii) models that assess the quality level based on the data of the ultrasonic oscillograms obtained after the welding process [6,17,18]. Notably, even though ultrasonic nondestructive testing requires that human operators have a certain degree of training, it is a promising technique for estimating the quality of RSW joints in the automotive industry [19], where it represents a cost-reduction opportunity [20,21].…”