The investigation of histopathology and locations of excised eyelid masses in dogs

Abstract

BackgroundEyelid masses are the most common ocular diseases in dogs. However, there are no studies specifically investigating the location of eyelid masses.Methods118 dogs with 119 eyelid masses were included. Medical records and pathology reports were retrospectively reviewed at National Taiwan University veterinary hospital and Vision Eyecare Centre for Animals between 2012 and 2017.ResultsMean age of dogs was 9.4±2.5 years. Female spayed dogs had significantly higher prevalence of eyelid mass than female intact dogs (p<0.01). Prevalence of upper eyelid mass was significantly higher than lower eyelid mass (p<0.01). The upper lateral eyelid was the significantly more common location compared with the upper medial eyelid. Mean mass volume was 258.2±661.0 mm3. The most common eyelid mass type was meibomian epithelioma (34.5%), followed by meibomian adenoma (29.4%) and meibomian hyperplasia (18.5%). Non-tumours comprised 25.2%, benign tumours comprised 67.2% and malignant tumours comprised 7.6% of all eyelid masses. Malignant tumours were significantly larger than benign lesions (p<0.01). All dogs underwent surgical excision without any complications.ConclusionThe majority of eyelid masses were benign. Surgical intervention can prevent further ocular irritation and provide good prognosis.

Outcomes of Treatment of Eyelids and Third Eyelid Tumours in Dogs Using High-Frequency Radiowave Surgery

“…Beagle, Siberian Husky, English Setter, Toy and Miniature Poodle, Labrador Retriever, and Golden Retriever were identified as breeds susceptible to developing these tumours [ 20 ]. All of these breeds are represented in our study, although epidemiological studies correlating the incidence of the pathology with the breed are still lacking [ 21 ].…”

“…Up to 73% of eye neoplasms in canine species are benign [ 21 , 25 ]. In our study, we found that the most frequent eyelid tumours were neoplasms of the meibomian glands, as previously reported in reference [ 22 ].…”

“…Given that they are frequently characterized as benign, small tumours do not require immediate removal; however, if the eyelid masses are rapidly growing, ulcerated, or produce corneal irritation, removal is indicated [ 21 , 33 ].…”

“…Most eyelid tumours occur primarily in older dogs (over 10 years old) [20,22], and no gender predisposition was found [4]; however, in a study by Wang et al (2019), female spayed dogs had a significantly higher prevalence of eyelid mass than female intact dogs. In our study, we show a greater susceptibility of male dogs to develop eyelid tumours.…”

A comparative review of evaporative dry eye disease and meibomian gland dysfunction in dogs and humans

“…16 Additionally, chronic inflammatory diseases of the ocular surface, such as graft-versus-host disease and Stevens-Johnson syndrome, can cause the development of MGD in humans. 17,18 In dogs, the clinical excision of meibomian gland adenomas, 19,20 epitheliomas, 21,22 and distichiae 23 have been reported to affect the meibomian glands. Some of these studies investigated the impacts of the procedures on the tear film reporting no effect on the tear film 19 or a decrease in tear film breakup time (TFBUT, see Section 4.1.1).…”