The investigation of EEG specificity in epileptic children during Depakine therapy

Khachidze, Irma; Gugushvili, M.; Makashvili, Malkhaz; Maloletnev, V. I.

doi:10.3109/00207454.2015.1083991

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…These results were interpreted as reflecting dysfunction of the relevant cortical regions in children with epilepsy. In addition, later studies showed that antiepileptic drugs reduced background EEG activity in the low-frequency band [20, 29, 30]. These findings are consistent with previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Changes in background electroencephalographic activity in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes after oxcarbazepine treatment: a standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) study

et al. 2019

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BackgroundSeveral neuroimaging studies have reported neurophysiological alterations in patients with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BCECTS). However, reported outcomes have been inconsistent, and the progression of these changes in the brain remains unresolved. Moreover, background electroencephalography (EEG) in cases of BCECTS has not been performed often.MethodsWe investigated background EEG activity changes after six months of oxcarbazepine treatment to better understand the neurophysiological alterations and progression that occur in BCECTS. In 18 children with BCECTS, non-parametric statistical analyses using standardized low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) were performed to compare the current density distribution of four frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, and beta) between untreated and treated conditions.ResultsBackground EEG activity for the delta frequency band was significantly decreased in the fronto-temporal and limbic regions of the left hemisphere after oxcarbazepine treatment (threshold log-F-ratio = ±2.729, P < 0.01). The maximum current density difference was found in the parahippocampal gyrus of the left limbic lobe (Montreal Neurological Institute coordinate [x, y, z = 25, − 20, − 10], Brodmann area 28) (log-F-ratio = 3.081, P < 0.01).ConclusionsOur results indicate the involvement of the fronto-temporal and limbic cortices in BCECTS, and limbic lobe involvement, including the parahippocampal gyrus, was noted. In addition to evidence of the involvement of the fronto-temporal and limbic cortices in BCECTS, this study also found that an antiepileptic drug could reduce the delta frequency activity of the background EEG in these regions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Changes in background electroencephalographic activity in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes after oxcarbazepine treatment: a standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) study

et al. 2019

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“…If a short EEG recording was used, wake and non‐rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep were included in the analysis 62 . Three of all seven studies 46,48,64 . used <1‐h EEG and found discharge rate or duration as a prognostic biomarker (Table 8).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic interictal electroencephalographic biomarkers and models to assess antiseizure medication efficacy for clinical practice: A scoping review

et al. 2023

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Antiseizure medication (ASM) is the primary treatment for epilepsy. In clinical practice, methods to assess ASM efficacy (predict seizure freedom or seizure reduction), during any phase of the drug treatment lifecycle, are limited. This scoping review identifies and appraises prognostic electroencephalographic (EEG) biomarkers and prognostic models that use EEG features, which are associated with seizure outcomes following ASM initiation, dose adjustment, or withdrawal. We also aim to summarize the population and context in which these biomarkers and models were identified and described, to understand how they could be used in clinical practice. Between January 2021 and October 2022, four databases, references, and citations were systematically searched for ASM studies investigating changes to interictal EEG or prognostic models using EEG features and seizure outcomes. Study bias was appraised using modified Quality in Prognosis Studies criteria. Results were synthesized into a qualitative review. Of 875 studies identified, 93 were included. Biomarkers identified were classed as qualitative (visually identified by wave morphology) or quantitative. Qualitative biomarkers include identifying hypsarrhythmia, centrotemporal spikes, interictal epileptiform discharges (IED), classifying the EEG as normal/abnormal/epileptiform, and photoparoxysmal response. Quantitative biomarkers were statistics applied to IED, high‐frequency activity, frequency band power, current source density estimates, pairwise statistical interdependence between EEG channels, and measures of complexity. Prognostic models using EEG features were Cox proportional hazards models and machine learning models. There is promise that some quantitative EEG biomarkers could be used to assess ASM efficacy, but further research is required. There is insufficient evidence to conclude any specific biomarker can be used for a particular population or context to prognosticate ASM efficacy. We identified a potential battery of prognostic EEG biomarkers, which could be combined with prognostic models to assess ASM efficacy. However, many confounders need to be addressed for translation into clinical practice.

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“…Correlation between the PERH, age, and gender at the third minute of hyperventilation was not observed in our research. Accordingly, the prolongation of HPT for the next minutes is inadvisable in patients with various disorders, especially for children ( 18 , 23 , 34 ). We saw disorganization of basic EEG rhythm in the first, second and third minutes of hyperventilation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study has some limitations. The study sample was relatively small in the second minute of HPT (B group) with only five girl representatives aged [13][14][15][16][17][18]. It is recommended to study a larger sample to ensure reliability and reflect better this group population.…”

Section: Study Limitations and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, it is accepted that electroencephalography (EEG) is an objective and reliable method for describing normal and pathological processes of the CNS (7,8). HPT presented during EEG might advance the diagnostic value of epilepsy (9,10) and increase the accuracy of the results in a clinical study (11)(12)(13)(14)(15) and scientific research for various neurological disorders (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). The practice proves that the EEG responses to hyperventilation are heterogeneous (1,22,23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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EEG Characteristics to Hyperventilation by Age and Sex in Patients With Various Neurological Disorders

Khachidze¹,

Gugushvili²,

Advadze

2021

Front. Neurol.

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Introduction: Hyperventilation provocation test(s) (HPT) concomitant to electroencephalography (EEG) may detect hidden disorders of the nervous system (CNS). There are various types of abnormal EEG in responses to HPT that provoke different interpretations. However, it is not evident how the onset time of pathological EEG responses to hyperventilation (PERH) reveals dysfunction of the CNS in humans. It is also not clear if age and biological sex affect EEG characteristics in response to HPT. Our previous studies have revealed three types of PERH (disorganization of basic rhythm, paroxysmal discharges, epileptiform activity) concerning the manifestation time of first, second, and third minutes. The current work aims to classify the PERH with regards to age (3–6, 7–12, 13–18, 19–30, 31–50, 50 > year) and the biological sex of the patients.Methods: This study examined the EEG of 985 outpatients with various functional disorders of the CNS. The patients were assigned to one of three experimental groups based on the time occurrence of PERH in response to the HPT.Results: The disorganized basic EEG rhythm in the first, second, third minute of HPT was observed across all age and sex groups. All three types of PERH in the first minute were comparable for both sexes. However, some discrepancies between females compared to males were observed in the second and third minutes. All three types of PERH in the first and the second minutes were found only in women. The second type of PERH has revealed at the second minute of PHT in 13–18-year-old five girls.Conclusion: The three main types of PERH were detected at the first minute in all age groups and sex in patients with various CNS dysfunctions. It is diagnostically informative should be used as a marker during the monitoring of treatment. The specific activity of the brain's response to HPT depends on time, age, sex. The data indicate that taking into account sex differences and age during HPT leads to better results. The sensitivity and severity of the NS reaction toward hypocapnia, stress, and emotion increase in women. Therefore, in such cases should not be recommended to expand functional loads.

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The investigation of EEG specificity in epileptic children during Depakine therapy

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

Changes in background electroencephalographic activity in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes after oxcarbazepine treatment: a standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) study

Changes in background electroencephalographic activity in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes after oxcarbazepine treatment: a standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) study

Prognostic interictal electroencephalographic biomarkers and models to assess antiseizure medication efficacy for clinical practice: A scoping review

EEG Characteristics to Hyperventilation by Age and Sex in Patients With Various Neurological Disorders

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