The investigation of different cameras for in-beam PET imaging

Pawelke, Jörg; Byars, L.G.; Enghardt, W.; Fromm, W.D.; Geißel, H.; Hasch, B.G.; Lauckner, K.; Manfrass, P.; Schardt, D.; Sobiella, M.

doi:10.1088/0031-9155/41/2/006

Cited by 80 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Online monitoring of positron emitters for radiation therapy was introduced in the late 1990s for carbon ion therapy [25,26] . More recently, two groups have applied this method to proton therapy.…”

Section: Online Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton therapy dosimetry using positron emission tomography

Studenski

Xiao²

2010

WJR

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Protons deposit most of their kinetic energy at the end of their path with no energy deposition beyond the range, making proton therapy a valuable option for treating tumors while sparing surrounding tissues. It is imperative to know the location of the dose deposition to ensure the tumor, and not healthy tissue, is being irradiated. To be able to extract this information in a clinical situation, an accurate dosimetry measurement system is required. There are currently two in vivo methods that are being used for proton therapy dosimetry: (1) online or in-beam monitoring and (2) offline monitoring, both using positron emission tomography (PET) systems. The theory behind using PET is that protons experience inelastic collisions with atoms in tissues resulting in nuclear reactions creating positron emitters. By acquiring a PET image following treatment, the location of the positron emitters in the patient, and therefore the path of the proton beam, can be determined. Coupling the information from the PET image with the patient's anatomy, it is possible to monitor the location of the tumor and the location of the dose deposition. This review summarizes current research investigating both of these methods with promising results and reviews the limitations along with the advantages of each method.

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Section: Online Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton therapy dosimetry using positron emission tomography

Studenski

Xiao²

2010

WJR

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“…Apart from these very early studies, the possibility of proton therapy monitoring by means of PET was recently investigated Enghardt 2000, Parodi et al 2001). Integration of a PET scanner with light ion therapy was done in the treatment facility at Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt, Germany (Enghardt et al 1992, Pawelke et al 1996 as well as at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator at Chiba (HIMAC), Japan (Iseki et al 2004). The possible application of PET imaging during photon therapy was investigated by Muller and Enghardt (2006) using Geant4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of dose delivery verification by PET imaging of photonuclear reactions following high energy photon therapy

et al. 2006

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A method for dose delivery monitoring after high energy photon therapy has been investigated based on positron emission tomography (PET). The technique is based on the activation of body tissues by high energy bremsstrahlung beams, preferably with energies well above 20 MeV, resulting primarily in 11 C and 15 O but also 13 N, all positron-emitting radionuclides produced by photoneutron reactions in the nuclei of 12 C, 16 O and 14 N. A PMMA phantom and animal tissue, a frozen hind leg of a pig, were irradiated to 10 Gy and the induced positron activity distributions were measured off-line in a PET camera a couple of minutes after irradiation. The accelerator used was a Racetrack Microtron at the Karolinska University Hospital using 50 MV scanned photon beams. From photonuclear cross-section data integrated over the 50 MV photon fluence spectrum the predicted PET signal was calculated and compared with experimental measurements. Since measured PET images change with time post irradiation, as a result of the different decay times of the radionuclides, the signals from activated 12 C, 16 O and 14 N within the irradiated volume could be separated from each other. Most information is obtained from the carbon and oxygen radionuclides which are the most abundant elements in soft tissue. The predicted and measured overall positron activities are almost equal (−3%) while the predicted activity originating from nitrogen is overestimated by almost a factor of two, possibly due to experimental noise. Based on the results obtained in this first feasibility study the great value of a combined radiotherapy-PET-CT unit is indicated in order to fully exploit the high activity signal from oxygen immediately after treatment and to avoid patient repositioning. With an RT-PET-CT unit a high signal could be collected even at a dose level of 2 Gy and the acquisition time for the PET could be reduced considerably. Real patient dose delivery verification by means of PET imaging seems to

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“…Die in der nuklearmedizinischen Diagnostik eingesetzten PET-Scanner mit ihrer ringförmigen Detektoranordnung sind für die erforderliche Integration in den medizinischen Bestrahlungsplatz ungeeignet, weil dadurch die Strahlfuhrung und die variable Patientenlagerung behindert würden. Zum Einsatz kommt deshalb eine Doppelkopf-Positronenkamera aus zwei Detektorbänken (sensitive Fläche: 43,2 cm * 21,6 cm) mit 32 ortsempfindlichen Szintillationsdetektoren, bestehend aus jeweils 8x8 BismutGermanat-Kristallen (Frontfläche: 6.25 * 6.25 mm 2 , Tiefe: 20 mm), die an vier Photomultiplier nach einem modifizierten Anger-Prinzip gekoppelt sind [5]. Die Mittelpunkte der Blöcke liegen auf einer Kugel (Durchmesser: 83,2 cm).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified