The invasion of Pinus radiata seedlings by sapstain fungi, following attack by the Black Pine Bark Beetle, Hylastes ater (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

Reay, Stephen; Walsh, Patrick J.; Ram, Arvina; Farrell, Roberta L.

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(01)00628-4

Cited by 31 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…also appeared to harbour to F. circinatum in this study. These insects have a similar way of interacting with sapwood fungi in several pine species [64], including P. radiata, although no ophiostomatoid fungi were found in the present study. Hylastes angustatus galleries frequently harboured F. circinatum (5.2% of xylem samples and 5.5% of phloem samples).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Fungal Communities Associated with Bark Beetles in Pinus radiata Plantations in Northern Spain Affected by Pine Pitch Canker, with Special Focus on Fusarium Species

Bezos

Martínez‐Álvarez

Sanz-Ros

et al. 2018

Forests

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Fusarium spp., as well as other endophytic or pathogenic fungi that form communities, have been reported to be phoretically associated with bark beetles (Coleoptera; Scolytinae) worldwide. This applies to Fusarium circinatum Nirenberg and O'Donnell, the causal agent of pine pitch canker (PPC), which threatens Pinus radiata D. Don plantations in northern Spain. The main objective of this study was to study the fungal communities associated with bark beetles and their galleries in stands affected by PPC, with special attention given to Fusarium species. Funnel traps and logs were placed in a P. radiata plot known to be affected by F. circinatum. The traps were baited with different attractants: four with (E)-pityol and six with ethanol and α-Pinene. In addition, fresh green shoots with Tomicus piniperda L. feeding galleries were collected from the ground in 25 P. radiata plots affected by PPC. Extracts of whole insects and gallery tissues were plated on agar medium to isolate and identify the associated fungi. A total of 24 different fungal species were isolated from the bark beetle galleries constructed in logs and shoots, while 18 were isolated from the insect exoskeletons. Ten different Fusarium species were isolated from tissue and insects. Fusarium circinatum was isolated from bark beetle exoskeletons (1.05% of the Pityophthorus pubescens Marsham specimens harboured F. circinatum) and from the galleries (3.5% of the T. piniperda feeding galleries harboured the pathogen). The findings provide information about the fungal communities associated with bark beetles in P. radiata stands in northern Spain.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Fungal Communities Associated with Bark Beetles in Pinus radiata Plantations in Northern Spain Affected by Pine Pitch Canker, with Special Focus on Fusarium Species

Bezos

Martínez‐Álvarez

Sanz-Ros

et al. 2018

Forests

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“…are vectors of ophiostomatoid fungi, especially Leptographium spp. (Harrington and Cobb 1988, Wingfield and Gibbs 1991, Reay et al 2002, Kirisits 2004, Zhou et al 2004), but to the best of our knowledge, the fungal associates of H. brunneus have not been studied prior to the present investigations. Hylastes species are considered to be insects displaying low agressivenes to live trees, breeding mainly in roots, stumps and logs of decaying conifers (Saalas 1949, Heliövaara et al 1998).…”

Section: Hylastes Brunneusmentioning

confidence: 93%

Bark beetle-associated fungi in Fennoscandia with special emphasis on species of Ophiostoma and Grosmannia

Linnakoski¹

2011

Diss. For.

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Global trade in untreated timber and wood products raises the risk of accidentally introducing forest pests and pathogens into new environments. Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) include several species that are regarded as forest pests. These insects are known to live in close association with fungi, especially species of ophiostomatoid fungi (Ascomycota). Several of these fungi are agents of blue stain in timber, and some are serious plant pathogens. However, only little is known regarding the fungal associates of bark beetles, or the interactions between the fungus, the bark beetle and the host tree in the boreal forests of Fennoscandia.The aim of this study was to increase the knowledge regarding bark beetle-associated fungi in Fennoscandia, with special emphasis on the genera Ophiostoma Syd. & P. Syd. and Grosmannia Goid. Fungi associated with 13 different bark beetle species, infesting Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and birches (Betula L. spp.) in the eastern parts of Finland and neighboring Russia, as well as southern Norway, were isolated and identified. The fungal identifications were based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequence comparisons.The survey revealed the occurrence of at least 29 species of Ophiostoma and Grosmannia. All the bark beetle species considered in this study were frequently associated with a complex of ophiostomatoid fungi. Several species were recorded for the first time in the countries in the study. A surprisingly high number of previously undescribed fungal species were discovered. During the survey, eight of these species were described as new taxa. In addition, the study revealed new insect-fungus relationships. The number of taxa encountered, covering a relatively small geographical area, indicates that there are many more ophiostomatoid fungi occurring in the boreal forests of Fennoscandia than has previously been recognized. The study emphasizes the importance of developing a clear understanding of the possible threats of moving timber and wood products without knowledge of the micro-organisms that might also be moved.Keywords: blue stain, insect-fungus interactions, molecular systematics, ophiostomatoid fungi, Ophiostomatales, symbioses 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS "It's the journey that's important, not the getting there" (John McLeod). The writing of this dissertation has been a fascinating journey full of unforgettable experiences, from South African sunrises to a rail ride on the Trans Siberian Railway. It has also been a time of personal growth. The writing of a dissertation is a long journey, and obviously not possible without the support of numerous people. I've been truly privileged to start my journey in the world of science with many inspiring people. It's been a great pleasure to follow their enthusiasm and the deep commitment to the work they love. Thank you for passing on the passion for science! I would like to express my sincere thanks to all of you who have contributed and supported this project in v...

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“…Natural inoculation of young pines with ophiostomatoid fungi has been illustrated in other pine systems around the world. For example, in Pinus radiata D. Don seedlings, Hylastes atar (Paykull) has been shown to transmit ophiostomatoid species during feeding (Reay et al, 2002). Nevill & Alexander (1992) observed the transmission of L. procerum to five-year-old eastern white pine (P. strobus L.) by Hylobius pales adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pathogenicity and virulence of four Ophiostomatoid fungi on young Longleaf pine trees

Matusick

Eckhardt

2010

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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In southeastern USA, insect vectors transfer pathogenic ophiostomatoid fungi that cause disease in southern pines. During 2007 and 2008, potted longleaf pines (P. palustris Mill.), of similar ages ranging in height from 58 to 198 cm, were inoculated with the following fungi to assess their pathogenicity (and virulence): Grosmannia huntii, Leptographium procerum, L. serpens and L. terebrantis. Seventeen weeks after inoculation, L. terebrantis, L. serpens and G. huntii were found to cause significantly larger lesions and more sapwood discolouration than wounded uninoculated controls. Leptographium terebrantis caused significantly more sapwood discolouration than all other fungi. Despite significant sapwood occlusion after fungal inoculation, no reductions in needle water potentials were observed between treatments. All fungal species were successfully re-isolated from longleaf pine trees. Résumé: Dans le sud-est des États-Unis, des insectes agissent comme vecteurs de champignons ophiostomatoïdes pathogènes qui causent des maladies chez les pins du Sud. En 2007 et 2008, des pins des marais en pots (Pinus palustris Mill.), d'à peu près du même âge et mesurant de 58 à 198 cm de hauteur, ont été inoculés avec les champignons suivants afin d'évaluer leur pathogénicité (et leur virulence): Grosmannia huntii, Leptographium procerum, L. serpens et L. terebrantis. Dix-sept semaines après l'inoculation, L. terebrantis, L. serpens et G. huntii causaient des lésions significativement plus graves et provoquaient davantage de décoloration de l'aubier que les arbres témoins blessés, mais non inoculés. Leptographium terebrantis a causé davantage de décoloration que tous les autres champignons. Malgré une occlusion significative de l'aubier après inoculation fongique, aucune réduction du potentiel hydrique des aiguilles n'a été observée. Toutes les espèces fongiques qui se trouvaient dans les pins des marais ont été de nouveau isolées.

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The invasion of Pinus radiata seedlings by sapstain fungi, following attack by the Black Pine Bark Beetle, Hylastes ater (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

Cited by 31 publications

References 40 publications

Fungal Communities Associated with Bark Beetles in Pinus radiata Plantations in Northern Spain Affected by Pine Pitch Canker, with Special Focus on Fusarium Species

Fungal Communities Associated with Bark Beetles in Pinus radiata Plantations in Northern Spain Affected by Pine Pitch Canker, with Special Focus on Fusarium Species

Bark beetle-associated fungi in Fennoscandia with special emphasis on species of Ophiostoma and Grosmannia

The pathogenicity and virulence of four Ophiostomatoid fungi on young Longleaf pine trees

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