The invasion of Macrobrachium nipponense (de Haan, 1849) (Caridea: Palaemonidae) into the Southern Iraqi Marshes

Abstract

The examination of native habitats of newly introduced species is one of the factors that can provide information for predicting and preventing invasion success. In this study, we investigated the distribution patterns of a green macroalga, Codium fragile, in its native range in Korea. There were two distinct patterns for Codium spp. within their native habitat. In undisturbed communities, Codium species were members of the understory assemblage below the dominant canopy species. In disturbed habitats where native algae have been harvested for food, the activity created major gaps in the community structure where opportunistic algae expanded their abundance within the community. Codium fragile not only becomes a dominant canopy species in disturbed habitats, but it also colonizes new habitats such as fouling communities. Thus, the distribution patterns of Codium fragile in its native range suggests that it has the capability of taking advantage of disturbed habitats, which may help to explain why it has been such a successful invader in other regions of the world. One interesting finding was the lack of specialized sacoglossan herbivores associated with the Korean populations studied while such herbivores do feed on introduced populations in other regions, and may limit their distribution at some locations.

Study of the growth, reproductive biology and abundance for invasive shrimps Palaemon elegans Rathke from Garmat Ali river Basrah, Southern Iraq

“…This perfectly agrees with the conclusion of Salman et al [16] and may be applied for other caridean shrimps from different areas such as Crangon septemspinosa [11] and Palaemon adspersus [17]. However, Guerao and Ribera [18] found the population of Palaemon serratus is formed mainly of juveniles (less than a year in age) in summer with the presence of 2 or 3 main types of population size structure, together with a rapid increase of medium-sized individuals during the times from late summer to the end of autumn.…”

“…In this paper, both the growth and reproduction of a population of P. elegans are studied for the first time. The only previously available data were on other species in the Palaemonidae family [14][15][16].…”

“…In autumn and winter, the proportion of smaller individuals increases (30-35 mm in length). The increase in density is due to the liberation of larvae into the environment, whereas the decrease in number is probably due to natural mortality or to migration from the site of sampling into deeper waters [14,16].…”

Genetic variation based on microsatellite analysis of the oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense from Qiandao Lake in China

“…The larvae reach a harvestable size in 6 to 12 months, depending on environmental conditions. In recent years, M. nipponense culture has been introduced in Singapore, the Philippines (Cai and Shokita, 2006), Iran (De Grave and Ghane, 2006), Uzbekistan (Mirabdullaev and Niyazov, 2005), and Iraq (Salman et al, 2006).…”

Isolation and Characterization of Polymorphic Microsatellites from the Oriental River Prawn Macrobrachium nipponense (Caridea: Palaemonidae)

“…Oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan, 1849) (Crustacea: Palaemonidae) is a common freshwater shrimp in Korea (Kim, 1976;1977), and it is distributed broadly over the East Asian native regions (Japan, China, and Taiwan) (Mashiko and Numachi, 2000;Mashiko and Shy, 2008;Yang et al, 2007;Chen et al, 2009), and invasive in some regions (Iran and Iraq) (Grave and Ghane, 2006;Salman et al, 2006). After the last glacial maximum, sea level change was one of the most important factors that influenced biogeographical patterns of East Asia.…”