The introduction of routine Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine in Chile: a framework for evaluating new vaccines in newly industrializing countries

Abstract

In July, 1996, Chile became only the third newly industrializing country to introduce routine Hib conjugate vaccination. New vaccines, such as Hib conjugates, will be more expensive than existing ones. The stepwise process used in Chile may serve as an example for the evaluation of new vaccines in nonindustrialized countries.

Meningitis and pneumonia in Guatemalan children: the importance of Haemophilus influenzae type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae

“…Conjugate Hib and S. pneumoniae vaccines could prevent many of the serious infections resulting in hospitalization of Guatemalan children (6,9,13,(22)(23)(24)(25). An evaluation of the potential impact of Hib conjugate vaccine is under way following the introduction of this vaccine in the Hospital General del Instituto Guatemalteco de Seguridad Social.…”

Lot-to-Lot Consistency of a Combined Hexavalent Diptheria-Tentanus-Acellular-Pertussis, Hepatitis B, Inactivated Polio and Haemophilus b Conjugate Vaccine, Adminstered to Healthy Chilean Infants at 2, 4 and 6 Months of Age

“…[1][2][3] The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) recommend that hepatitis B vaccine be administered to all infants worldwide and that Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine be used programmatically in countries where a notable disease burden has been demonstrated, or is expected to exist based on regional surveillance data collected in neighboring populations. 4,5 Furthermore, the accelerating disappearance of poliomyelitis as an epidemic disease, and the rare but persistent occurrence of cases of paralysis caused by the attenuated oral polio vaccine (OPV) have led to a move towards injectable, inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV). 6 For example, in the United States of America IPV replaced OPV 6,7 in year 2000.…”

Burden of Invasive Disease Caused by Haemophilus influenzae Type b in Bamako, Mali

“…5,8 -10 Widespread use of these vaccines in those countries has virtually eliminated Hib disease. 8,[11][12][13][14] In contrast, it has been far more challenging to quantify the burden of Hib disease in developing countries and to achieve sustainable methods of control. In several sub-Saharan countries of West Africa, such as Mali, Mauritania and Niger, which are among the least developed in the world, 15 barriers to the introduction of Hib vaccine include the paucity of disease burden data, cost of vaccine and scarcity of regional demonstrations of the impact of immunization.…”