the estimation of transportation costs and effects from transportation policies are well documented. Impact assessment has shown a strong linkage between transportation costs and economic development, but a direct measurement [using, for example, the consumer price index (CPI)] of how changes in the weighted average for the price of a basket of consumer goods and services reflect the transportation policies by region is still scarce [see, e.g., Banister and Berechman (4) and Rephann (5)].The current research aims at filling that gap by addressing the effect of transport policies on transportation costs, commodity prices, CPI, and changes in the transportation system performance. For that purpose, an integrated model approach including a random utility-based multiregional input-output (RUBMRIO) model and a road transport network model has been applied to study the effect of introducing longer and heavier vehicles (LHVs) in a selected road transport network of Spain [9,799 km (6,089 mi) in length]. Results come from a comparison between the base case scenario and the case study.This paper is organized as follows. A brief overview of the research is first provided. Next, the methodology proposed and its limitations are discussed. A detailed description of the case study is then offered, followed by an analysis of results in regard to regional CPI changes and the transportation system. Finally, the most relevant conclusions and suggestions about the implementation of policies as well as possible future developments are presented.The Freight Transportation Planning and Logistics Committee peer-reviewed this paper.