The Introduction and Clinical Use of Cardiac‐Specific Troponin Assays

Goodwin

Annu. Rev. Pathol. Mech. Dis.

2019

Cardiovascular diseases exist across all developed countries. Biomarkers that can predict or diagnose diseases early in their pathogeneses can reduce their morbidity and mortality in afflicted individuals. microRNAs are small regulatory RNAs that modulate translation and have been identified as potential fluid-based biomarkers across numerous maladies. We describe the current state of cardiovascular disease biomarkers across a range of diseases, including myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, myocarditis, hypertension, heart failure, heart transplantation, aortic stenosis, diabetic cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, and sepsis. We present the current understanding of microRNAs as possible biomarkers in these categories and where their best opportunities exist to enter clinical practice.

Section: Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for microRNAs in the Crowded Field of Cardiovascular Biomarkers

Goodwin

Annu. Rev. Pathol. Mech. Dis.

2019

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

“…LDH, CK, CK-MB, and AST were detected to diagnosed myocardial injury. Although these four indicators are not as specific and sensitive as high-sensitivity troponin, they are still classic serum biomarkers of myocardial injury since the 1960s ( 24 ) and are widely used in quite a few clinical trials or animal experiments ( 25 – 27 ). Our findings suggested that NLR was closely associated with the expression of LDH, CK, CK-MB, and the level of 2.967 was the optimal cutoff value for predicting myocardial injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Myocardial Injury in Population Exposed to High Altitude

He¹,

He²,

Yang³

et al. 2021

Objective: Myocardial injury is a severe complication in population exposed to high altitude. As a new biomarker for inflammatory response, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been widely used to predict the prognosis of various diseases. In this study, we intend to explore the risk factors for myocardial injury at high altitude and examine the relationship between NLR level and development of myocardial injury.Methods: Consecutive patients admitted to a secondary general hospital at high altitude from June 2019 to May 2020 were selected into this retrospective study. Clinical and biochemical data were collected. According to the results of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB), and aspartate amino transferase (AST), patients were divided into myocardial injury group and normal group.Results: A total of 476 patients were enrolled in this study. Myocardial injury occurred in 158 patients (33.2%). We found that altitude, NLR, hemoglobin, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, and lipoprotein A in myocardial injury group were significantly higher than that in normal group (P < 0.05), while platelet count in myocardial injury group was significantly lower than that in normal group (P < 0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis revealed that there was an independent relationship between myocardial injury and smoke, NLR, hemoglobin (P < 0.05). By using Spearman correlation analysis, NLR was proved to have a significant positive correlation with LDH, CK, and CK-MB (P < 0.05) instead of AST. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to demonstrate that NLR could significantly predict the occurrence of myocardial injury with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.594 (95% CI: 0.537–0.650, P < 0.05), and the level of 2.967 (sensitivity = 38.0%, specificity = 83.6%) was optimal cutoff value.Conclusion: The incidence of myocardial injury is high in population at high altitude. Smoke, hemoglobin, and NLR are independent factors related to myocardial injury. As a convenient and efficient marker, NLR is found to be closely associated with myocardial enzymes and have a predict role in the occurrence of myocardial injury. This study will provide a theoretical basis on NLR for the early diagnosis of myocardial injury at high altitude.

“…Akut Koroner Sendrom (AKS) hastalarının takibinde troponin I, CK, mass CK-MB takibi yapılmaktadır (16) . Tekrarlayan göğüs ağrılarında bu parametreler, reinfarktüs oluşumunun en önemli göstergesidir (17) .…”

Section: Gereç Ve Yöntemunclassified

Experimental Investigation of the Interference Effect of Drugs Used in Intensive Care for Sedation on Biochemical Markers

Büyükfırat¹,

Gönel²,

Karahan³

et al. 2020

jarss

İlaç interferansı nedeniyle laboratuvar testlerinde yanlış sonuçlar alınabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı yoğun bakımda sedasyon amacıyla kullanılan ketamin, tiyopental, propofol, midazolam ve deksmedetomidinin immünassay ve spektrofotometrik yöntemlerle ölçülen rutin biyokimyasal testler üzerindeki interferans etkilerinin araştırılmasıdır. Yöntem: 180 µL kontrol solüsyonu üzerine 20 µL 5 farklı ilaç solüsyonundan eklenip 5 saniye vorteksle karıştırıldı. Karışımdan spektrofotometrik ve immünassay metotlarla biyokimyasal testler ölçüldü. Her ölçüm 5 farklı ilaç için ayrı ayrı yapıldı. Kontrol materyaline 20 µL distile su eklenerek 3 tekrarlı çalışma gerçekleştirildi. Ortalama değerleri alındı ve ortalama değer hedef değer olarak kabul edilerek % sapma ile sapma miktarları tespit edildi. Bulgular: Tüm ilaçların uygulanmasından sonra, kreatin kinaz MB (CK-MB) testinde %13.51 ile %30.81 arasında negatif interferans, troponin I testinde propofol, tiyopental ve deksmedetomidinde %11.67 ile %68.33 arasında pozitif interferans meydana gelmiştir. N-terminal pro Brain Natriuretic Peptid (NT-proBNP) testinde propofol, ketamin, midazolam ve deksmedetomidinde %16.42 ile %37.20 arasında pozitif interferans, tiyopental ile de %85.27 negatif interferans gelişmiştir. Serbest tiroiodotironin (FT3), serbest tiroksin (FT4), tiroid stimülan hormon (TSH) testlerinde en yüksek interferans tiyopentalde görülürken, en düşük interferans deksmedetomidinde saptandı. C reaktif protein (CRP) testinde en yüksek negatif interferans tiyopentalde (%96.43) en düşük negatif interferans (%10.71) deksmedetomidinde saptandı. Spektrofotometrik testlerde ise interferans daha az oranda görülürken en sık sodyum ve klor testlerinde saptandı. Sonuç: Sedasyon amacıyla kullanılan ilaçlar analitik fazda immünassay testlerde önemli oranda interferans oluşturmuştur. Spektrofotometrik yöntemin kullanıldığı biyokimyasal markerlarda daha az oranda sapma tespit edilmiştir. Test sonuçlarındaki değişim hastalıkların dışında ilaç kullanımına bağlı hatalı ölçümün neticesi olabilir. Klinisyenler şüpheli test sonuçlarında ilaç kit interaksiyonuna bağlı hatalı ölçüm ihtimalini değerlendirmelidir.