The intrinsic volumetric capacitance of conducting polymers: pseudo-capacitors or double-layer supercapacitors?

Sahalianov, Ihor; Singh, Sandeep Kumar; Tybrandt, Klas; Berggren, Magnus; Zozoulenko, Igor

doi:10.1039/c9ra10250g

Cited by 51 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(163 reference statements)

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“… 17 DFT calculations suggest charge storage in nanocapacitors formed between the polymer chain and the counterion. 85 We have measured the spectral behavior of the films over a wide potential range ( Figure 5 d) in the spectral range of the π → π*(HOMO–LUMO) transition in PEDOT, which is less affected by the complicated spectral features of the polaronic and bipolaronic states than spectral behavior above 700 nm. Clear spectral changes take place within the potential range used for the capacitance determination, showing that PEDOT reduction and oxidation take place within the whole potential window.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative Spin-Spray-Assembled Coordinative Multilayers as Platforms for Capacitive Films

et al. 2020

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The spin-spray-assisted layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique was used to prepare coordinative oxidative multilayers from Ce(IV), inorganic polyphosphate (PP), and graphene oxide (GO). The films consist of successive tetralayers and have a general structure (PP/Ce/GO/Ce) n . Such oxidative multilayers have been shown to be a general platform for the electrodeless generation of conducting polymer and melanin-type films. Although the incorporation of GO enhances the film growth, the conventional dip LbL method is very time consuming. We show that the spin-spray method reduces the time required to grow thick multilayers by the order of magnitude and the film growth is linear from the beginning, which implies a stratified structure. We have deposited poly(3,4-ethylenedioxothiophene), PEDOT, on the oxidative multilayers and studied these redox-active films as models for melanin-type capacitive layers for supercapacitors to be used in biodegradable electronics, both before and after the electrochemical reduction of GO to rGO. The amount of oxidant and PEDOT scales linearly with the film thickness, and the charge transfer kinetics is not mass transfer-limited, especially after the reduction of GO. The areal capacitance of the films grows linearly with the film thickness, reaching a value of ca . 1.6 mF cm –2 with 20 tetralayers, and the specific volumetric (per film volume) and mass (per mass of PEDOT) capacitances are ca . 130 F cm –3 and 65 F g –1 , respectively. 5,6-Dihydroxyindole can also be polymerized to a redox-active melanin-type film on these oxidative multilayers, with even higher areal capacitance values.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, even with the thin films containing PEDOT, we attribute the observed capacitance mainly to the doping–dedoping process of PEDOT, which charges and discharges the polaron/bipolaron—counterion nanocapacitors. 85 …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Spin-Spray-Assembled Coordinative Multilayers as Platforms for Capacitive Films

et al. 2020

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“…Many literature studies have discussed the difference between electrochemistry and capacitive charging in organic electronics. [ 23–26 ] Moreover, sensory systems based on electrochemistry in ion–electron‐coupled systems, e.g., ion‐gated transistors [ 27 ] and ion‐gated superconductors, [ 28 ] are intrinsically electron‐based systems and have previously been well reviewed. [ 7,8,29 ] Therefore, the central point of this essay is the accurate control of ion transport in man‐made devices through a nanoconfined channel or an ionic conductor based on the EDL concept, offering a more efficient and controllable methodology to construct ionic sensory systems that resemble their biological counterparts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Ionic Sensory Systems: The Successor of Electronics

et al. 2020

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All biological systems, including animals and plants, communicate in a language of ions and small molecules, while the modern information infrastructures and technologies rely on a language of electrons. Although electronics and bioelectronics have made great progress in the past several decades, they still face the disadvantage of signal transformation when communicating with biology. To narrow the gap between biological systems and artificial‐intelligence systems, bioinspired ion‐transport‐based sensory systems should be developed as successor of electronics, since they can emulate biological functionality more directly and communicate with biology seamlessly. Herein, the essential principles of (accurate) ion transport are introduced, and the recent progress in the development of three elements of an ionic sensory system is reviewed: ionic sensors, ionic processors, and ionic interfaces. The current challenges and future developments of ion‐transport‐based sensory systems are also discussed.

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“…A common way to increase the capacitance further is to use porous electrodes and thereby increase the active surface area. In the case of PEDOT:PSS, the double layer is thought to extend throughout the bulk (61,62). For this reason it can be more relevant to define a volumetric capacitance, rather than the areal double layer capacitance used for metal electrodes (63).…”

Section: Double Layer Capacitancementioning

confidence: 99%

Interacting with biological membranes using organic electronic devices

Nissa

2021

Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations

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The intrinsic volumetric capacitance of conducting polymers: pseudo-capacitors or double-layer supercapacitors?

Abstract: Using the density functional theory, the intrinsic volumetric capacitance of conducting polymers is calculated. It is shown that conducting polymers operate as double-layer supercapacitors rather than pseudo-capacitors.

Cited by 51 publications

References 68 publications

Oxidative Spin-Spray-Assembled Coordinative Multilayers as Platforms for Capacitive Films

Oxidative Spin-Spray-Assembled Coordinative Multilayers as Platforms for Capacitive Films

Bioinspired Ionic Sensory Systems: The Successor of Electronics

Interacting with biological membranes using organic electronic devices

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