The Intradermal Leishmanin Reaction Induces Antigen-specific Maturation of Canine Dendritic Cells with Up-regulation of MHCII Synthesis and Expression

Sacchi, Luciano; Calvi, L.E.; Kramer, Laura; Ferroglio, E.; Grandi, Giulio; Clementi, Emilio; Corona, S.

doi:10.1016/j.jcpa.2006.02.009

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Furthermore, later on in the course of the infection, both cell types may have contact with the parasite that disseminates in the dermis and, to a lesser degree, in the epidermis 116–118 . Like macrophages, these cells transport amastigotes to the regional lymph nodes to present their antigens to T cells, via MHC molecules, 94,97,119 and in resistant dogs they are considered major effector cells of cell‐mediated immunity, based on their increased numbers and their morphological changes at the site of positive leishmanin skin test 119 …”

Section: Immunology Of Canine Leishmaniosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the pathogenesis of canine leishmaniosis: epidemiologic and diagnostic implications

Saridomichelakis

2009

Veterinary Dermatology

117

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Canine leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania infantum (Syn. L. chagasi) is an important zoonosis with a complex pathogenesis. Parasite transmission occurs via female sandflies that inject promastigotes into the skin of the host. The interaction between the parasite and skin immune system is influenced by the repeated infectious bites and the simultaneous intradermal injection of sandfly saliva. Amastigotes are transported via infected macrophages to the regional lymph nodes and finally dissemination may occur. The outcome of the infection depends on host factors (genetic background, cell-mediated and humoral immune response, cytokine milieu, concurrent diseases) and parasite virulence. Resistance may be breed-associated; it is characterized by low to undetectable antibody production and effective cell-mediated immunity, and is orchestrated by cytokines such as interleukin-2, interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Susceptibility may be genetically determined or acquired (advanced age, concurrent diseases); in these dogs, parasite multiplication goes unrestricted and overproduction of specific and nonspecific antibodies occurs, leading to multiple organ pathology. Resistance or susceptibility is not an all-or-nothing phenomenon and many intermediate phenotypes may be found. From a diagnostic point of view, although clinical cases are readily identified using microscopy and serology, investigation should not stop at this point and an extensive search for underlying diseases is advised, especially in aged dogs. Conversely, microscopy and conventional serology are frequently negative in asymptomatic infected dogs; to identify such dogs, polymerase chain reaction, evaluation of cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity, in vitro lymphocyte proliferation test to Leishmania antigen, and Western blotting may be employed.

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Section: Immunology Of Canine Leishmaniosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the pathogenesis of canine leishmaniosis: epidemiologic and diagnostic implications

Saridomichelakis

2009

Veterinary Dermatology

117

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“…Two cases of Cp-positive OAL were investigated to visualize, at the ultrastructural level, chlamydial elementary bodies within lymphomatous tissue. Samples were fixed and treated as previously described (22) and examined under a Zeiss EM900 transmission electron microscope.…”

Section: Translational Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydia Infection and Lymphomas: Association Beyond Ocular Adnexal Lymphomas Highlighted by Multiple Detection Methods

Ponzoni¹,

Ferreri²,

Giusti

et al. 2008

Clinical Cancer Research

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Purpose: Chlamydia psittaci (Cp) has been associated to ocular adnexal lymphomas (OAL) with variable geographic distribution. Herein, we used multiple Chlamydia detection tools to identify Cp elementary bodies^containing cell and to assess Cp prevalence in both nodal and extranodal lymphomas. Experimental Design: TETR-PCR, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, and laser-capture microdissection were done in 35 OALs to define their effect in Chlamydia detection and, moreover, to identify the Cp cellular carrier. Cp prevalence was screened byTETR-PCR in 205 extraorbital lymphomas and 135 nonneoplastic controls. Results: Twenty-six (74%) OALs were associated with Cp infection: immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and laser-capture microdissection-assisted PCR showed that monocytes/ macrophages were the Cp carriers; electron microscopy showed the presence of intact Cp elementary bodies into these cells. Immunohistochemistry andTETR-PCR showed a 70% concordance rate (P = 0.001). Cp DNA was equally prevalent in non-OAL, nodal, and extranodal lymphomas: among the latter, it was more common in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas of the skin (P = 0.03) and Waldeyer's ring.Conclusions: This multiparametric approach shows, for the first time, that monocytes/macrophages are the carriers of Cp, Cp seems preferentially associated with lymphomas arising in organs primarily exposed to antigens. The clinical implications of these findings deserve to be prospectively investigated.

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“…In this study, 25 out of 31 dogs tested positive, indicating not only the presence of cell-mediated immunity, but that current epidemiological studies using only serology most likely underestimate true infection prevalence (only 15 out of 31 dogs were positive by serology). Several other studies have consolidated the use of the LST in the dog and have consistently shown that a significant proportion of healthy dogs living in endemic areas for L. infantum have positive LSTs Fernandez-Bellon et al, 2005;Sacchi et al, 2005).…”

Section: Cell-mediated Immunity To Leishmania Infantummentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity to Leishmania infantum in the Dog: Resistance and Disease

2006

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The Intradermal Leishmanin Reaction Induces Antigen-specific Maturation of Canine Dendritic Cells with Up-regulation of MHCII Synthesis and Expression

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Advances in the pathogenesis of canine leishmaniosis: epidemiologic and diagnostic implications

Advances in the pathogenesis of canine leishmaniosis: epidemiologic and diagnostic implications

Chlamydia Infection and Lymphomas: Association Beyond Ocular Adnexal Lymphomas Highlighted by Multiple Detection Methods

Immunity to Leishmania infantum in the Dog: Resistance and Disease

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