The intersection of food security and biodiversity conservation: a review

Glamann, Josefine; Hanspach, Jan; Abson, David J.; Collier, Neil; Fischer, Joern

doi:10.1007/s10113-015-0873-3

Cited by 64 publications

(60 citation statements)

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“…First, they strove to maintain diversity of crop species, acquiring a somewhat more frequently seeds of secondary crops the second year. Maintaining or even enhancing the diversity of species appears to be a frequent and effective strategy for coping with climatic hazards (Fischer et al 2006, Duru et al 2015, Glamann et al 2015. Second, changes in the farmer's portfolio of landraces was also important, especially within the category of cereals.…”

Section: Cereal Substitution and Resilience Of The Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Good year, bad year: changing strategies, changing networks? A two-year study on seed acquisition in northern Cameroon

Violon¹,

Thomas²,

Garine³

2016

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Analysis of seed exchange networks at a single point in time may reify sporadic relations into apparently fixed and longlasting ones. In northern Cameroon, where environment is not only strongly seasonal but also shows unpredictable interannual variation, farmers' social networks are flexible from year to year. When adjusting their strategies, Tupuri farmers do not systematically solicit the same partners to acquire the desired propagules. Seed acquisitions documented during a single cropping season may thus not accurately reflect the underlying larger social network that can be mobilized at the local level. To test this hypothesis, we documented, at the outset of two cropping seasons (2010 and 2011), the relationships through which seeds were acquired by the members of 16 households in a Tupuri community. In 2011, farmers faced sudden failure of the rains and had to solicit distant relatives, highlighting their ability to quickly trigger specific social relations to acquire necessary seeding material. Observing the same set of individuals during two successive years and the seed sources they solicited in each year enabled us to discriminate repeated relations from sporadic ones. Although farmers did not acquire seeds from the same individuals from one year to the next, they relied on quite similar relational categories of people. However, the worse weather conditions during the second year led to (1) a shift from red sorghum seeds to pearl millet seeds, (2) a geographical extension of the network, and (3) an increased participation of women in seed acquisitions. In critical situations, women mobilized their own kin almost exclusively. We suggest that studying the seed acquisition network over a single year provides a misrepresentation of the underlying social network. Depending on the difficulties farmers face, they may occasionally call on relationships that transcend the local relationships used each year.

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Section: Cereal Substitution and Resilience Of The Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Good year, bad year: changing strategies, changing networks? A two-year study on seed acquisition in northern Cameroon

Violon¹,

Thomas²,

Garine³

2016

E&S

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“…Conserving biodiversity and increasing food security are two of the world's most pressing issues [1]. The two problems of food insecurity and biodiversity loss are both global in scope and must not be viewed independently [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of biodiversity to food security in areas of poverty cannot be overstated [6], as rural, poorer populations rely more heavily on biodiversity and often encroach on forests to extract natural products, increasing pressure on local fauna and flora [3]. Yet, conservation and poverty data have rarely been fully integrated [4] so there is a paucity of research specifically addressing the connections between food security and biodiversity [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many food-insecure regions of the world also contain rich biodiversity, with biodiversity being defined as the variety of genes, species and ecosystems [1]. Often, agricultural expansion is one of the greatest threats to biodiversity [2], with habitat destruction and fragmentation from land use change being the predominant drivers of species extinctions [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global Hotspots of Conflict Risk between Food Security and Biodiversity Conservation

Molotoks

Dawson

Smith

2017

Land

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Abstract:The global challenges of food security and biodiversity are rarely addressed together, though recently there has been an increasing awareness that the two issues are closely related. The majority of land available for agriculture is already used for food production, but despite the productivity gains, one in nine people worldwide are classified as food insecure. There is an increasing risk that addressing food insecurity through methods such as agricultural expansion or intensification could lead to biodiversity loss through destruction of habitats important for conservation. This analysis uses various indicators of biodiversity at a global scale, including biodiversity hotspots, total species richness, and threatened and endemic species richness. Areas where high biodiversity coexists with high food insecurity or a high risk of agricultural expansion, were examined and found to mainly occur in the tropics, with Madagascar standing out in particular. The areas identified are especially at risk of biodiversity loss, and so are global priorities for further research and for policy development to address food insecurity and biodiversity loss together.

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“…Wittman et al (2017) argue that rural landscapes should be re-conceptualized as social-ecological systems and illustrate their approach for the Brazilian Cerrado region. Through a structured literature review, Glamann et al (2017) identify the contrast between biophysical-technical and social-political approaches to understanding food security and biodiversity conservation, showing that increased exchange between these communities is needed. Salles et al (2017) argue that an economic perspective could contribute to the discussion on land sparing versus land sharing, for example by pointing out that the assumption of a fixed agricultural production target is not realistic.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biodiversity and food security: from trade-offs to synergies

et al. 2017

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Biodiversity and food security are connected in many ways. Across scales from genes to species, landscapes, and biomes, biodiversity is an important resource for humanity. It is the key for a broad range of services provided by ecosystems. Biodiversity helps regulate the nutrient cycle and water (e.g., floods) and mitigates impacts of climate change. Biodiversity is also of direct importance for human well-being and for cultural and other values including recreation. The provisioning of clean water and diverse food supply makes it vital for all people. Biodiversity at all levels, including the diversity of genes, species, and ecosystems, is lost at alarming rates. Critical factors for these trends are habitat destruction, global warming, and the uncontrolled spread of alien species. Pollution, nitrogen deposition, and shifts in precipitation further affect biodiversity.

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The intersection of food security and biodiversity conservation: a review

Cited by 64 publications

References 50 publications

Good year, bad year: changing strategies, changing networks? A two-year study on seed acquisition in northern Cameroon

Good year, bad year: changing strategies, changing networks? A two-year study on seed acquisition in northern Cameroon

Global Hotspots of Conflict Risk between Food Security and Biodiversity Conservation

Biodiversity and food security: from trade-offs to synergies

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