The Interpretation of Prehistoric Political Complexity in the Central and Northern Southwest: Toward a Mending of the Models

Grave goods from the Saint-Germain-la-Rivière burial: Evidence for social inequality in the Upper Palaeolithic

“…Population growth (Cohen, 1985;Hayden, 1995;Keeley, 1988), environmental stress (Halstead and O'Shea, 1982;Yesner, 1994), sedentism (Binford, 1980;Kelly, 1995), development of storage techniques (Testart, 1982b;Woodburn, 1982), warfare (Coupland, 1988), political manipulation (Ames, 1985;Hayden, 1995;Johnson, 1982;Upham and Plog, 1986), and control over nonkin labour (Arnold, 1993(Arnold, , 1996aHayden, 1995) are the most popular among the factors that would have favoured the rise of complexity.…”

Archaeological Visibility and the Underclass of Southwestern Prehistory

“…Data from the site of Nuvakwewtaqa, and the surveys that were conducted in the area surrounding this site, provide information relevant to this issue. The site of Nuvakwewtaqa and the settlement system have been described in previous publications and reports (Batcho 1977;Brown 1982;Cordell and Plog 1979;Henderson 1978Henderson , 1979Upham 1978Upham , 1979Upham , 1982 Upham and Bockley 1988; Upham and Plog 1986).…”

“…With what kinds of adaptations might unobtrusive archaeological remains in the Southwest be associated? Elsewhere I have sought to show how low-visibility sites are correlated in the southeastern portion of the Southwest with the persistence of hunting-and-gathering strategies among the Jornada Mogollon between A.D. 900 and 1450 (Johnson and Upham 1986;Upham 1984). Although more obtrusive pueblo architecture exists in that region, especially between A.D. 1200 and 1450, the overwhelming majority of sites in the Jornada area are LAS.…”

The Archaeology and Ethnohistory of Araucanian Resilience

“…Like SES studies, RT in archaeology grew from analyses of human-environment interactions in ecological and landscape anthropology and archaeology (Crumley 1994;Hirsch and O'Hanlon 1995;Redman 1999;Redman et al 2004;Stewart and Strathern 2003). In some instances, researchers have used RT without defining it as such (Nelson and Hegmon 2001;Upham and Plog 1986). My focus here is on using RT for strictly social phenomena, rather than the incorporation of ecological information.…”