The Interplay of Nutriepigenomics, Personalized Nutrition and Clinical Practice in Managing Food Allergy

Abstract

Food allergy in children has been a common issue due to the challenges of prescribing personalized nutrition with a lack of nutriepigenomics data. This has indeed further influenced clinical practice for appropriate management. While allergen avoidance is still the main principle in food allergy management, we require more information to advance the science behind nutrition, genes, and the immune system. Many researchers have highlighted the importance of personalized nutrition but there is a lack of data on how the decision is made. Thus, this review highlights the relationship among these key players in identifying the solution to the clinical management of food allergy with current nutriepigenomics data. The discussion integrates various inputs, including clinical assessments, biomarkers, and epigenetic information pertaining to food allergy, to curate a holistic and personalized approach to food allergy management in particular.

The immune‐supportive diet in allergy management: A narrative review and proposal

“…Cell division and gene expression 23,31 Vitamin C and E, copper, zinc, iron and selenium Protection against oxidative damage 23,31 Folate Cell division and homocysteine synthesis, and epigenetic effects 23,31 TA B L E 1 Nutrients with acknowledged immunomodulatory function. 11,[16][17][18][19][20] restriction, omega-3 PUFAs, fiber, Mediterranean diet, vitamin D, zinc, polyphenols (i.e., resveratrol, gallic acid, epicatechin, luteolin, curcumin) may also be epigenetically driven, 68,69 highlighting the importance of moderate energy intake among others. One proposed method of measuring the pro-and anti-inflammatory capacity of the total diet is the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), a validated measure of diet-associated inflammation.…”

“…Beneficial relationship between a. nutrients, b. whole, fresh and minimally processed foods and c. unfavorable effect of Western diet and ultra‐processed foods on inflammation, health outcomes and overall mortality 4,7‐11,14‐18,20‐25,38,47‐49,51‐54,58‐64,66,67,74‐85,94‐97,150 ; microbiome 24‐26,41‐46,50,65‐69,94‐96,98‐107,109,110 ; mucosal barrier function 2,79‐84,108,113‐118 ; food allergy 7,125,127 ; atopic dermatitis 129 ; asthma 7,19,129,132‐140 ; allergic rhinitis 129,142‐148 …”

“…Pro‐inflammatory effects have been demonstrated for high‐fat/high‐sugar diets, micronutrient deficiencies (folate, manganese, and carotenoids) and obesity through epigenetic mechanisms 68,69 . In contrast, some anti‐inflammatory effects resulting from caloric restriction, omega‐3 PUFAs, fiber, Mediterranean diet, vitamin D, zinc, polyphenols (i.e., resveratrol, gallic acid, epicatechin, luteolin, curcumin) may also be epigenetically driven, 68,69 highlighting the importance of moderate energy intake among others. One proposed method of measuring the pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory capacity of the total diet is the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), a validated measure of diet‐associated inflammation 44,70 .…”

“…Pro-inflammatory effects have been demonstrated for high-fat/ high-sugar diets, micronutrient deficiencies (folate, manganese, and carotenoids) and obesity through epigenetic mechanisms. 68,69 In contrast, some anti-inflammatory effects resulting from caloric Vitamin A, iron, dietary fiber, and zinc Maintenance of mucosal barrier integrity 21,[23][24][25] Dietary fiber, flavonoids, omega-3 fatty acids Gut microbiota butyrate production 11,26,27 Fatty acids Production of pro-or anti-inflammatory lipidderived mediators such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes 23,[28][29][30] Fatty acids, proteins, and multiple vitamins Cofactors in cellular proliferation 23,31 Copper, iron, folate, zinc, magnesium, and vitamins A, B12, and D…”

“…2. microbiome [24][25][26][41][42][43][44][45][46]50,[65][66][67][68][69][94][95][96][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107]109,110 ; 3. mucosal barrier function 2,[79][80][81][82][83][84]108,[113][114][115][116][117][118] ; 4. food allergy 7,125,127 ; 5. atopic dermatitis 129 ; 6. asthma 7,19,129,[132]…”