The interplay between the anticipation and subsequent online processing of emotional stimuli as measured by pupillary dilatation: the role of cognitive reappraisal

Vanderhasselt, Marie‐Anne; Remue, Jonathan; Ng, Kwun Kei; Raedt, Rudi De

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00207

Cited by 32 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Regarding emotion regulation, it might be reasonable to assume that pupil dilation reflects autonomic activation associated with both emotion regulation effort and emotion regulation success. In line with this notion, recent data revealed that larger pupillary responses during the anticipation of emotional stimuli predicted smaller pupil sizes during actual emotion processing (Vanderhasselt, Remue, Ng, & De Raedt, ). Interestingly, this temporal interplay was particularly observed in individuals habitually using reappraisal to regulate their emotions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 60%

What our eyes tell us about feelings: Tracking pupillary responses during emotion regulation processes

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Emotion regulation is essential for adaptive behavior and mental health. Strategies applied to alter emotions are known to differ in their impact on psychological and physiological aspects of the emotional response. However, emotion regulation outcome has primarily been assessed via self-report, and studies comparing regulation strategies with regard to their peripheral physiological mechanisms are limited in number. In the present study, we therefore aimed to investigate the effects of different emotion regulation strategies on pupil dilation, skin conductance responses, and subjective emotional responses. Thirty healthy females were presented with negative and neutral pictures and asked to maintain or up- and downregulate their upcoming emotional responses through reappraisal or distraction. Pupil dilation and skin conductance responses were significantly enhanced when viewing negative relative to neutral pictures. For the pupil, this emotional arousal effect manifested specifically late during the pupillary response. In accordance with subjective ratings, increasing negative emotions through reappraisal led to the most prominent pupil size enlargements, whereas no consistent effect for downregulation was found. In contrast, early peak dilations were enhanced in all emotion regulation conditions independent of strategy. Skin conductance responses were not further modulated by emotion regulation. These results indicate that pupil diameter is modulated by emotional arousal, but is initially related to the extent of mental effort required to regulate automatic emotional responses. Our data thus provide first evidence that the pupillary response might comprise two distinct temporal components reflecting cognitive emotion regulation effort on the one hand and emotion regulation success on the other hand.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 60%

What our eyes tell us about feelings: Tracking pupillary responses during emotion regulation processes

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, for about 120 years, pupil sizes have been found to be additionally and systematically influenced by cognitive processing [3, 4]. For instance, pupil size changes have been studied in decision-making [5–8], attention [4, 9–22], emotions [23, 24], language [25], and memory [26–29]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pupil Sizes Scale with Attentional Load and Task Experience in a Multiple Object Tracking Task

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous studies have related changes in attentional load to pupil size modulations. However, studies relating changes in attentional load and task experience on a finer scale to pupil size modulations are scarce. Here, we investigated how these changes affect pupil sizes. To manipulate attentional load, participants covertly tracked between zero and five objects among several randomly moving objects on a computer screen. To investigate effects of task experience, the experiment was conducted on three consecutive days. We found that pupil sizes increased with each increment in attentional load. Across days, we found systematic pupil size reductions. We compared the model fit for predicting pupil size modulations using attentional load, task experience, and task performance as predictors. We found that a model which included attentional load and task experience as predictors had the best model fit while adding performance as a predictor to this model reduced the overall model fit. Overall, results suggest that pupillometry provides a viable metric for precisely assessing attentional load and task experience in visuospatial tasks.

show abstract

“…Recently, it has been demonstrated that cognitive effort exerted during anticipation of an emotion eliciting stimulus is related to lower cognitive effort when confronted with that stimulus (Vanderhasselt, Remue, Ng, & De Raedt, 2014). In this latter study, participants' pupillary responses (as a proxy of cognitive effort, related to DLPFC) were recorded while they were naturally responding to emotional stimuli.…”

Section: Anticipation and Proactive Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of expectancy and proactive control in stress regulation: A neurocognitive framework for regulation expectation

Raedt

Hooley

2016

Clinical Psychology Review

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

When confronted with stressful or emotionally arousing situations, regulatory abilities should allow us to adaptively cope. However, depressed individuals often have a low sense of perceived control and are characterized by a negative expectation bias regarding their ability to deal with future stressful events. Low expectancy concerning the ability to deal with future stressful events may result in less initiation of proactive control, a crucial mechanism of cognitive control reflecting sustained and anticipatory maintenance of goal-relevant information in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to optimize cognitive performance. In this theoretical review we integrate a diverse body of literature. We argue that the expectancy of an individual's regulatory abilities prior to the presentation of an arousing event or stressful task will be related to anticipation and proactive up-or down regulation of specific neurocircuits before the actual encounter with the stressful event occurs, in a manner that can be either adaptive or maladaptive. Moreover, we discuss the important role of self-esteem as well as the ability to accept the situation when coping is not possible. Our approach has implications for a broad range of disorders and conditions in which stress regulation plays a role, and can be used to guide the use of recently developed clinical interventions, as well as to fine-tune interventions to facilitate proactive control. Cortex, stress regulation, anticipation, depression, proactive control, coping, self-esteem, When we are confronted with situations or thoughts perceived as unpleasant, aversive or threatening, a series of biological and psychological processes is activated, generating a coordinated response. This so-called stress response is triggered when an individual's well-being or health is threatened. Relational or financial problems, unpredictability, an acute threat, or a challenging situation such as a job interview are examples of stressful situations or stressors that can initiate a stress response. Regulatory abilities, which we call stress regulation, generally allow us to cope with these situations in an adaptive way. However, there are large individual differences in how well people handle life stressors. Indeed, problems with stress regulation are thought to play a central role in the development and clinical course of depression (Hooley, Orley & Teasdale, 1986;Hankin, 2008;Morris, Ciesla & Garber, 2010). It has also been suggested that, over time, depressive episodes can be triggered by progressively milder and milder stressors (Monroe & Harkness, 2005; but see also Anderson et al., 2016). Keywords: Dorsolateral PrefrontalResearch shows the important role of stress regulation in the development of different forms of psychopathology, such as depression, where psychosocial stressors are strongly implicated in the triggering of new episodes (Kendler et al., 2000).Understanding the role of stressors in depression requires consideration of the interaction between biological, cognitive ...

show abstract

The interplay between the anticipation and subsequent online processing of emotional stimuli as measured by pupillary dilatation: the role of cognitive reappraisal

Cited by 32 publications

References 56 publications

What our eyes tell us about feelings: Tracking pupillary responses during emotion regulation processes

What our eyes tell us about feelings: Tracking pupillary responses during emotion regulation processes

Pupil Sizes Scale with Attentional Load and Task Experience in a Multiple Object Tracking Task

The role of expectancy and proactive control in stress regulation: A neurocognitive framework for regulation expectation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About